1. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

2. Psychosocial Development During the First Three Years Chapter Five

3. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. I.Foundations of Psychosocial Development A.Emotions 1.When Do Emotions Develop? 2.How Do Infants Show Their Emotions? a.Crying b.Smiling and Laughing

4. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. B.Temperament 1.Components and Patterns of Temperament a.Nine Components b.Three Patterns 2.Influences on Temperament 3.Effects of Temperament on Adjustment: “Goodness of Fit”

5. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.The Mother’s Role 2.The Father’s Role 3.How Parents Shape Gender C.Earliest Social Experiences: The Child in the Family

6. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. II.Developmental Issues in Infancy A.Developing Trust 1.Basic Trust Versus Basic Mistrust 2. Virtue of Hope

7. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. B.Developing Attachments 1.Stages of Attachment 2.Studying Patterns of Attachment: The Strange Situation 3.How Attachment is Established 4.Long-Term Effects of Attachment

8. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Adult Attachment Interview 2.Three Categories of Adults 3.Intergenerational Attachment Patterns C.Life-Span Issue: Do Attachment Patterns Span Generations?

9. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. D.Emotional Communication With Caregivers 1.Mutual Regulation and Social Referencing: “Reading” Signals 2.How a Mother’s Depression Affects Mutual Regulation E.Stranger Anxiety and Separation Anxiety

10. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. A.The Emerging Sense of Self 1.Physical Self-Recognition 2.Self-Description III.Developmental Issues in Toddlerhood 3.Emotional Response to Wrongdoing B.Developing Autonomy 1.Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt 2.Virtue of Will 3.Terrible Twos

11. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. C.Developing Self-Regulation D.Internalization: Developing a Conscience 1.Origins of Conscience 2.Effects of Parenting Styles and Demands

12. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. IV.Contact With Other Children A.Siblings 1.How Children React to the Arrival of a New Baby 2.How Siblings Interact B.Sociability With Nonsiblings

13. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.What is Good Day Care? 2.Day Care and Cognitive Development 3.Day Care and Emotional Development 4.Day Care and Social Development C.The Impact of Early Day Care