1. Sigmund Freud 1856-1938 Controversial Complex Complete

2. Irrational forces are stronger than rational forces… Human mind is largely unconscious Unconscious is full of conflict

3. How is the unconscious studied? Psychoanalysis Dreams Slip-of-the-tongue Hypnosis Case studies

4. Parts of Personality Id Ego Superego

5. Id Operates on the pleasure principle Unconscious Irrational/Impulsive Aim is get rid of tension/stress/pain Reducing tension …Wish fulfillment (dreams)

6. Ego= Executive Operates on reality principle..(wishes don’t produce food) Takes into account reality (environment) Controls the Id and the Superego If working well= person is well adjusted If gives in to Id= person is maladjusted Defense Mechanisms help the Ego control anxiety

7. Superego=Judge Represents the ideal not what is real Develops in the ego from childhood Enforced through feelings of Pride, Guilt, Inferiority

8. You’re on a hike with a group of friends when…..

9. Defense Mechanisms used to deny or distort reality….They help protect the Ego Denial= Refusing to admit something unpleasant is happening Repression= Blocking a threatening idea, memory or emotion Projection= Your “inner feelings” are pushed onto someone else Regression= Returning to an earlier level of behavior Rationalization= Justifying one’s behavior/failures by putting socially acceptable reasons in place of real reasons Reaction formation= Acting opposite of your true feelings

10. Freud’s Stages of personality development

11. Oral Stage Birth to 1.5 years Pleasure comes from: mouth, sucking, biting, chewing Adult “fixations” Smoking Over eating Alcoholic Nail biting

12. Anal Stage 18 Months to 3 years Attention is on elimination “holding in” or “letting go” leads to gratification Adult “fixations” Messy Irresponsible Wasteful Extravagant Neat freak compulsive

13. Phallic Stage Ages 3 to 6 Pleasure from genitals Oedipus Complex Male children sexually desire their mothers Fear or jealous of same sex parent= castration anxiety Electra Complex Female children sexually desire their fathers Anger at mother=penis envy Not supported by Freud

14. Latency Stage Ages 6 to puberty Sexuality is dormant Children develop social skills

15. Genital Stage Puberty Development of sexual feelings toward others

16. How well do Freud’s ideas hold up today?