1. Age of Exploration Age of exploration !

2.  The age of exploration was also known as age of discovery.  Began in the early 15 th century and continued into the early 17 th century.  Was seen as a bridge between the medieval age and modern age.

3. Columbus’ request Columbus went to the King of Portugal and asked for three ships and a year to find a western trade route to the east. But the king didn’t allow him to do this. So Columbus went to the Queen Isabella of Castile and asked her for three ships and a year to use them.

4. Columbus’ request continued… The queen in turn, referred him to a committee. They gave him the same answer as the king of Portugal. But Columbus wouldn’t give up there. After two years in Spanish courts negotiating, Columbus was finally successful in 1492. Half of the financing for his voyage came from a private Italian Investor.

5. Columbus’ Voyages Between 1492 and 1503 Christopher Columbus make 4 round trips to the Americas. These trips marked the beginning of the European exploration of the Americas

6. Columbus in the Americas On the evening of August 3 1492 Columbus set out with three ships the Santa Maria, the Pinta, and the Santa Clara. On October,12,1492, land was sighted, Columbus called the island San Salvador. ( Now called the Bahamas) He encountered the indigenous people of the Lucayan, Taino and Arawak, they were all peaceful.

7. Columbus’ Arrested On Columbus’ third voyage to the Americas he was arrested for being a tyrant. He was arrested and sent back to Spain in chains. When he got back to Spain Isabella of Castile was waiting for him. She showed sympathy to him and saved him from imprisonment.

8. Columbus’ final Voyage After being released, Columbus wasn’t able to go on another voyage until May of 1502. He wanted to find China, which would restore him reputation. The voyage was plagued with extreme storms. He eventually had to turn and go back to Hispaniola.

9. Columbus' attempt to return to Hispaniola Columbus attempted to return to Hispaniola He was sick, and losing his eyesight and his ship was rotting. The vessel ran aground just off the coast of Jamaica where they sought refuge. They stayed there a year until they where rescued.

10. Columbus’ Remaining Days In 1504, Isabella of Castile died and Columbus lost all of his support. The king reinstates him but refuses to return any of his titles Columbus died in May of 1506, unaware that he had discovered a new world.

11. Exploration Even after Columbus’ death, the English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Dutch continued to look for a passage to India so they would be able to trade easily.

12. The French in Canada While Exploring Canada the French discovered that the native people had beautiful fur, so the French traded with the native and had the fur sent back to France where they made a huge profit on the hats they made from beaver fur.

13. Imperialism The policy of forcefully extending a nation’s authority by territorial gain or by the establishment of economic and political dominance over other nations. Imperialism refers to conquest and dominance of one nation over another nation or nations. This definition is normally used in the reference of the expansionist and colonist activities that the European nations carried out after the discovery of trade routes to Asia, Africa and the New World (present day American continent).

14. The Vikings The Vikings came from Denmark, Norway and Sweden. We refer to the area where these countries are located as Scandinavia. They lived along the coast or close to rivers that flowed to the sea. They came and explored North America around 1000 A. D. from Greenland. The Vikings came to North America about 500 hundred years before Christopher Columbus.

15. Exploring Vinland Leif Ericsson, in the year 1000 or 1001 sailed southwest from Greenland to the islands of the coast of northern Canada and then to the shores of Newfoundland. The Vikings liked the land so much they stayed the whole winter before sailing back to Greenland. Leif Ericsson named the Saint Lawrence region Vinland because there was many wild grapes there.

16. Vinland continued… He also established a settlement in L'Anse aux Meadows which served as an exploration point. Later on he collected timber and other riches of the land and sailed back to Greenland.

17. L'Anse aux meadows Leif Eriksson set up a settlement at L'Anse aux meadows which served as a base for his exploration during his time in North America The settlement at L'Anse aux meadows is still there today. Some things archeologists dug up were; a small stone oil lamp, a bone needle, a small brass ring, and a bronze ring-headed cloak pin used by Norse men and women of the eleventh century

18. Helluland and Markland Leif Eriksson discovered Helluland and Markland. Helluland was probably Baffin Island. Eriksson was greeted with the sight of numerous large flat stones, which met and stopped where large great mountains of ice began. Helluland means flat stone land. Markland was probably Labrador Island. Markland means wood Island. It was named this because it was full of forests.

19. Thorfinn Karlsefni Thorfinn Karlsefni led over 100 settlers in three ships to settle in Vinland. They spent several summers at the site exploring the surrounding land, chopping timber, and trading for goods they could sell in Greenland. During this time the first white child was born in North America, Snorri Karlsefnisson. The Viking stories also talk about conflicts with the natives.

20. Freydis Eriksdottir The sister of Leif Eriksson, Freydís wanted the prestige and wealth associated with a Vinland journey. She made a deal with two Icelandic men, Helgi and Finnbogi, that they should go together to Vinland and share all profits half-and-half. They agreed to bring the same number of men but secretly Freydis took more.

21. Freydis Eriksdottir continued… In Vinland, Freydís betrays her partners, has them and their men attacked when sleeping and killed. She personally executes the five women in their group since no-one else would do the deed. Freydís wanted to conceal her treachery and threatened to kill anyone who would tell of the killings. She went back to Greenland after a year's stay and told the story that Helgi and Finnbogi had chosen to remain in Vinland.

22. Breaking Portugal's monopoly on trade with Asia. When Dutch merchants were excluded from the lucrative trade in Asia by the Portuguese around 1590, several Amsterdam merchants decided to break that monopoly. They then organized a shipping voyage in 1595. Other merchants soon followed this example. In the next 5 years 15 fleets of 65 ships sailed to the far East giving the Dutch the monopoly of trade in the far east.

23. John Cabot John Cabot was born in1450, in Italy In 1496, Cabot was commissioned by England, to find a way to India that was shorter then the current route. His idea was to find a way to the Indies by going north which would make the trip shorter

24. John Cabot Voyage In 1497, Cabot sailed off from Bristol on the Matthew, looking for China, but instead he landed Newfoundland. When he landed in Newfoundland he claimed it in the name of King Henry VII. Then Cabot discovered the Grand Banks where he saw millions of fish in the shallow waters.

25. Cabot's other accomplishments He was the first European since the Vikings to explore the mainland of North America and the first one to search for the Northwest Passage. Even though he didn’t find the northwest passage he was still famous for trying.