1. HOW MANY DIFFERENT PROTESTANT GROUPS CAN YOU THINK OF? The Protestant Reformation

2. Main Idea Corruption and abuses in the Catholic Church led to a movement criticizing the Church which brought major changes in religion and politics throughout Europe. Essential questions:  How did the Protestant Movement originate and what impact did it have?  What were the goals and beliefs of the Protestant Movement?

3. Dissatisfaction with the Church

4. Criticisms of Catholicism Abuse of power Immorality  Popes & priests w/ kids  Life of luxury for clergy Financial corruption  Sale of indulgences  Heavy taxation (to pay for art, etc.)

5. Martin Luther 1517 – The 95 Theses  MAIN POINTS Indulgences - NO power to remit sins Salvation by faith alone Bible only source of truth Less rigidity/ritual  Services in vernacular  Bible read by all  Community of believers vs. hierarchy of clergy

6. Church Reaction Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther 1521 – Edict of Worms  Luther an outlaw  Writings condemned

7. Edict of Worms Charles V – Holy Roman Emperor “For this reason we forbid anyone from this time forward to dare, either by words or by deeds, to receive, defend, sustain, or favor the said Martin Luther. On the contrary, we want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic, as he deserves, to be brought personally before us...”

8. Luther’s Response “...I am bound by the Sacred Scriptures I have cited...and my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and will not recant anything...God help me.” Rushed out of Worms & hidden in Wartburg, Germany

9. Spread of Protestant Movement Lutheranism – 1 st Protestant faith 1529 – Charles V tries to suppress Lutheran movement 1530 – German princes protest (giving us Protestant)

10. Calvinist (Reformed Church) Switzerland “...people are sinful by nature...” Theocracy  Strict laws  Church mandatory  Color of clothing Predestination – God knows who will be saved and nothing you can do can change your fate

11. Church of England Henry VIII  “Defender of the Faith” “The King’s Great Matter”  1 st wife can’t have son  Wants annulment  Pope says no Reformation Parliament  Henry head of church not pope (kept doctrines/rituals)  Act of Supremacy

12. Anglican Henry VIII dies 1547 Only son Edward VI takes throne, but dies in teens Mary, his sister, tries to restore Catholicism  “Bloody Mary” 1558 – Elizabeth I, half- sister, takes throne  Blends Protestant belief with Catholic practices

13. Anabaptists Adult baptism Separation from world Amish, Mennonites, & other similar groups