1. Conducting and Analysing Labour Force Surveys for Monitoring of the Labour Market, ِِ Amman 18-22 November 2012 Challenges and Opportunities Labour Force Surveys/ Arab countries Division of Statistics, ESCWA

2. Labour statistics in the Arab region/ challenges and opportunities Data collection- processing, dissemination, Methodological issues: Discrepancies with ILO International classification- ALO/ILO classifications Challenges- National level Training needs- data harmonization Looking forwards Outline

3. Data Sources Most have LFS or household surveys with labor force questions – Yemen- Sudan, Djibouti, Somalia Limited use of administrative data : Why? Countries collect data through Admin Data: Bahrain- Problems: Lack of time series in most countries Incomparability of data collected : Different years & different definitions/standards

4. Nearly all countries have background information in their LFS-s, e.g. age, sex, marital status, education. Discrepancy across labor force categories re some background information, for example getting only information from the employed …. What are the way to adapt different sources of data in your country?

5. Methodological concerns Concepts and definitions – International standards Sampling: Sampling is varied from a country to another Coverage: urban/rural- national/non national/ refugees Use of technology in data collection Data processing Data analysis Data dissemination

6. Issues of comparability Sampling: sample frame- sample size- type of simple- reference period- periodicity Overview of sampling in the Arab countries re- LFS- HHS Any comparability?

7. Issues of comparability Different Age groups for Employment/Unemployment according to the last survey

8. Issues of comparability Survey Design Periodicity of the surveys vary between annual (6 countries), bi-annual (2 countries), quarterly (3 countries), and as in the case of Lebanon and Yemen, ad-hoc. Response rates for the majority of countries are above 90% Population coverage varies between nationals (3 countries), nationals/non-nationals (6 countries), urban (1 country), urban/rural (1 country), and whole country excluding some geographic areas (1 country).

9. Issues of comparability Different reference period for employment/unemployment definition Reference period for working -“have worked at least 1 hour in the week preceding the survey” (8 countries) -“either one day or a week during the month preceding the survey (1 country) -“at least one hour during 24 hours that preceded the interview” (1 country) -Not specified (4 countries)

10. Further topics in LFS-s Underemployment (7 countries) Employment in the informal sector (5 countries) Social security and health insurance (4 countries) Date of the first employment (3 countries) Work entitlements (3 countries)

11. Focus International Classifications The majority of countries have adopted ISIC (3 or 4) and ISCO (08 or 88 )classifications. ISCO and ASCO ISCO 08 in Arabic not available yet ASCO 08: can be implemented by NSOs? From ISCO 88 to ISCO 08

12. Other challenges Budget constraints: In conducting regular (yearly) labor force survey Human resources constrains: Conducting and analyzing: Conflict issues: Sudan, Palestine, Iraq, Syria, Libya and Yemen Dissemination of data: Collected survey data are partially published Lack of metadata for some countries

13. Training needs- Opportunities-Looking forward Conception and methods issues Sampling Data capturing and data processing Data Analysis- Data Dissemination- media information- user producer dialogue Electronic- publication –GIS

14. Opportunities / Looking Forwards Coordination body: AITRS-ALO, ILO, ESCWA, CESRIC Technical assistance Study tours/ exchange of expertise Main topics of training workshop in 2013?? Transition school to work- decent work- data dissemination- data user-producers……

15. THANK YOU