1. Mateusz Skowron Paweł Ślusarczyk Supervisor: Joanna Deperas-Standyło Higher-order structure of chromosomes

2. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA

3. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0/G1 have form of long and screwed strings

4. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0 / G1 have form of long and screwed strings Firstly believed to form a chaotic spaghetti-like structure

5. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0 / G1 have form of long and screwed strings Firstly believed to form a chaotic spaghetti-like structure 1990’s – chromosomes prefer to rest in some particuliar regions of the nucleus, called domains or territories

6. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0 / G1 have form of long and screwed strings Firstly believed to form a chaotic spaghetti-like structure 1990’s – chromosomes prefer to rest in some particuliar regions of the nucleus, called domains or territories

7. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0 / G1 have form of long and screwed strings Firstly believed to form a chaotic spaghetti-like structure 1990’s – chromosomes prefer to rest in some particuliar regions of the nucleus, called domains or territories

8. Theory Human lymphocyte cell nucleus – filled with 23 pairs of chromosomes containing DNA Chromosomes in phase G0 / G1 have form of long and screwed strings Firstly believed to form a chaotic spaghetti-like structure 1990’s – chromosomes prefer to rest in some particuliar regions of the nucleus, called domains or territories

9. Nucleus – sphere Chromosomal domain – sphere Domains can overlap each other Nucleus model Chromosomal domains in the nucleus

10. Model chromosome – a chain of connected spheres CHROMOSOME MODEL Chromosomal territories in the nucleus Spheres in each chromosome cannot overlap each other A real chromosome

11. Cпасибо for your attention!