2. Evolution Quiz Review of chapter 25

3. Evolution of the horse How has the horse changed over time? What is different? What is similar?

4. Answers Different: Larger body size in Modern Horse. Teeth are larger and flatter in Modern Horse 4-3 toes in Ancient Horse and hooves in M. Horse. Longer neck in Modern Horse. Similar: Four legs and tail Same body shape.

5. How the age of a fossils is determined?

6. What Evidence is this? Oldest fossils in lower layers Younger fossils in top layers Law of Superposition

7. Imprints or remains of plants or animals that existed in the past. Bones that turn to stone, print of a shell in a rock, burrow or tunnel left by an ancient worm, pollen grains and seeds. What are Fossils?

8. What do we call structures that suggest they may have developed from a common ancestor?

9. Structures with different functions, but similar design and origin.

10. What is this called? Embryology

11. What chemicals can we compare to prove Evolution? DNA or Proteins.

12. nn CHIMPS GORILLAS HUMANS 98% SIMILAR 97% SIMILAR 97% SIMILAR How similar is our DNA?

13. Genetic Variability Traits are inherited from parents. Because offspring will inherit traits from both parents the chances are good that the offspring will have different traits than their siblings. Genetic variability is greater when organisms reproduce sexually than those that reproduce asexually. In asexual reproduction the same genes are passed down to the offspring. In sexual reproduction different genes are passed down to the offspring.

14. What is an Adaptation? A change in an organism that increases an organism’s chance of survival. These changes occur due to mutations in the genes.

15. How long has Earth been evolving? 4.5 Billion years

16. What was the first living thing on Earth? Bacteria

17. Who was the scientist that developed the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? Charles Darwin

18. What is a Common Ancestor? An ancient organism that is related to a modern organism. They share common traits.

19. What is Natural Selection? The survival and reproduction of those organisms best adapted to their surroundings.

20. Who evolved most recently? Lizards

21. Who’s DNA is most similar? Amphibians and Mammals? or Sharks and Lizards? Amphibians and Mammals