1. UNIT 1 NOTES Chapter 13 – Expansion of American Industry Chapter 15 –Politics, Immigration, & Urban Life

2. America: Pathways to the Present Chapter 15 Politics, Immigration, and Urban Life (1870–1915)

4. Presidents of the United States George Washington; Federalist (1788) George Washington; Federalist (1788) John Adams; Federalist (1796) John Adams; Federalist (1796) Thomas Jefferson (1800) Thomas Jefferson (1800) James Madison (1808) James Madison (1808) James Monroe (1816) James Monroe (1816) John Quincy Adams (1824) John Quincy Adams (1824) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) John Tyler; Whig (1841) John Tyler; Whig (1841) #21 - …  Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)  Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)  William McKinley; Republican (1896)  Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901) #11 - 20  James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)  Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)  Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)  Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)  James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)  Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)  Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)  Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)  Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)  James Garfield; Republican (1880)

5. America: Pathways to the Present Section 1: Politics in the Gilded Age Section 2: People on the Move Section 3: The Challenge of the Cities Section 4: Ideas for Reform Chapter 15: Politics, Immigration, and Urban Life (1870–1915)

6. CHAPTER 15 SECTION 3 THE CHALLENGE OF CITIES

8. LIVING CONDITIONS Apartments Apartments Many 1800s city workers lived in run-down slums & tenements Many 1800s city workers lived in run-down slums & tenements To make ends meet, a family of eight living in a 2-room apartment would take in as many as six boarders To make ends meet, a family of eight living in a 2-room apartment would take in as many as six boarders Many did not have beds to sleep on; no windows to the outside Many did not have beds to sleep on; no windows to the outside Few had toilets, running water, access to fresh air Few had toilets, running water, access to fresh air This resulted in high rates of infectious disease This resulted in high rates of infectious disease Diphtheria, typhoid fever, pneumonia Diphtheria, typhoid fever, pneumonia Sanitation Sanitation Streets: manure, open gutters, factory smoke, poor trash collection Streets: manure, open gutters, factory smoke, poor trash collection

9. Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives First Flash Photography Pictures like this are shown to the wealthy for the first time This leads to change as sanitation laws are created and slums are shut down

10. THE NEW TENEMENT CHANGES  Contractors hired to sweep streets, collect garbage, clean outhouses  By 1900, cities develop sewer lines, create sanitation departments  Filtration introduced 1870s, chlorination in 1908 THE 1900s  Slowly changes happen at the turn of the 20 th Century  Cities develop sanitation and building codes for a healthier environment s

11. CHAPTER 15 SECTION 4 IDEAS FOR REFORM

12. Settlement Houses Settlement houses served as community centers and social service agencies that helped the needy. Settlement houses served as community centers and social service agencies that helped the needy. Hull House, a settlement house in Chicago, offered social services: Hull House, a settlement house in Chicago, offered social services: cultural events, classes, childcare, employment assistance, and health-care clinics. cultural events, classes, childcare, employment assistance, and health-care clinics. Founded by Jane Adams Founded by Jane Adams

13. Purity Crusaders The temperance movement, an organized 1800s campaign to eliminate alcohol use The temperance movement, an organized 1800s campaign to eliminate alcohol use Three major groups led the movement and supported prohibition, a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. Three major groups led the movement and supported prohibition, a ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. These groups believed that drinking led to personal tragedies, and they also saw a link among saloons, immigrants, and political bosses. These groups believed that drinking led to personal tragedies, and they also saw a link among saloons, immigrants, and political bosses. Purity Crusaders As cities grew, drugs, gambling, prostitution, and other forms of vice (immoral or corrupt behavior) became big business. Many residents fought to rid their communities of these activities. “Purity crusaders” led the way. They fought against such things as the sending of obscene materials through the mail, saloons, and political machines.

14. Settlement houses of the late 1800s offered poor city dwellers a. a.Money. b. b.Protection from crime. c. c.Social services. d. d.Protection from political machines. Which of the following best characterizes living conditions of urban areas by the early 1900s? a. a.A growing middle-class population b. b.Open spaces, trees, and grass c. c.Ethnically mixed neighborhoods d. d.Slums and tenements

15. Settlement houses of the late 1800s offered poor city dwellers a. a.Money. b. b.Protection from crime. c. c.Social services. d. d.Protection from political machines. Which of the following best characterizes living conditions of urban areas by the early 1900s? a. a.A growing middle-class population b. b.Open spaces, trees, and grass c. c.Ethnically mixed neighborhoods d. d.Slums and tenements

16. CRASH COURSE Cities and Immigration! Cities and Immigration! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRhjqqe750A &index=26&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593e G7ObzO7s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRhjqqe750A &index=26&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593e G7ObzO7s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRhjqqe750A &index=26&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593e G7ObzO7s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRhjqqe750A &index=26&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593e G7ObzO7s