1. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 1 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Introduction (Foley & Van Dam Ch 1) Uses of computer graphics … Some basic terms and concepts … Image processing and synthesis … Classification of applications … HW & SW for computer graphics … Advantages of interactive graphics … Conceptual framework for interactive graphics...

2. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 2 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Uses of Computer Graphics … User interfaces Interactive plotting: business, science, technology, art Cartography Medicine Computer-aided drafting and design Multimedia systems Simulation, animation, visualization Office automation and electronic publishing

3. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 3 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Some Basic Terms and Concepts … Interactive Bitmap Bitmap graphics Pixels, pels Windows, window manager Direct manipulation

4. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 4 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Image Processing & Synthesis … Synthesis Image processing Picture processing Reconstruction of processing Image enhancement Pattern detection and recognition Scene analysis and computer vision Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

5. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 5 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Classification of Applications … Dimensionality of object & kind of picture … Type of interaction Offline plotting Interactive plotting Role of the picture

6. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 6 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Dimensionality of object & kind of picture 2D Line drawing Gray scale image Color image 3D Line drawing (wireframe) Line drawing, with various effects Shaded, color image with various effects

7. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 7 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz HW & SW for Computer Graphics … Large, interactive programs Nonportable vs. portable software Output technology … Input technology … Software portability and graphics standards...

8. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 8 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Output technology Vector … Raster displays...

9. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 9 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Vector … Stroke, line drawing, calligraphic displays Characters Display list, display program Vector generator Random scan Refresh Refresh buffer

10. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 10 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Raster displays … Primitives Raster lines Raster... Bitmap, pixmap Frame buffer Scan-converted Raster image processor Aliasing, antialiasing

11. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 11 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Raster Vector vs. raster...

12. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 12 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Vector vs. raster

13. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 13 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Input technology … Text: Keyboard Locator: Pointer / Mouse / Tablet Higher dimensions Polhemus Spaceball

14. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 14 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Software portability and graphics standards... Device-independent Application-program portability Device-dependent Core Graphics System Segments Structures

15. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 15 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz The advantages of interactive graphics … Motion dynamics Update dynamics

16. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 16 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Conceptual framework for interactive graphics … Overview … Modeling … Display … Interaction Handling …

17. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 17 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Overview Application program Application model Graphics system What How Output transformation Input transformation

18. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 18 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Modeling … Application model Application database Primitives Attributes Connectivity Geometrical interpretation

19. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 19 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Display … Graphics subroutine library or package Logical display device Locator Sample vs. event

20. Institute for Visualization and Perception Research 20 © Copyright 2000 Haim Levkowitz Interaction Handling … Event-driven loop