1. Problems in Transportation New Solutions Needed!

2. Formal Roads »Turnpikes »Maintained by private companies »At various points, people needed to pay to use them »Corduroy Roads »Made in swampy areas »Created with logs »Kept wagons from sinking into mud, but… »They were very bumpy!

3. Roads/Highways »Advantages »Could be built anywhere »Travel during every season »Cheapest »Travel at own pace »Disadvantages »Couldn’t carry as much »Slowest! »Disadvantages »Couldn’t carry as much »Slowest!

5. The Steamboat This new invention changed water travel forever –First created by John Fitch Demonstrated capabilities to Constitutional Convention He opened a ferry service with it, but his business failed –Robert Fulton successfully used a steamboat Clermont served as a ferry on the Hudson River 300 mile trip in 62 hours This new invention changed water travel forever –First created by John Fitch Demonstrated capabilities to Constitutional Convention He opened a ferry service with it, but his business failed –Robert Fulton successfully used a steamboat Clermont served as a ferry on the Hudson River 300 mile trip in 62 hours

6. The Steamboat Advantages –Cut travel time –Easily travel upstream –Could carry large amounts of goods –Cheap$$$$$$ Advantages –Cut travel time –Easily travel upstream –Could carry large amounts of goods –Cheap$$$$$$ Disadvantages –Technology not perfected yet Explosions & fires were common(boom) –Had to follow the path of a river Couldn’t go everywhere Disadvantages –Technology not perfected yet Explosions & fires were common(boom) –Had to follow the path of a river Couldn’t go everywhere

8. Canals Man-made waterways –Like rivers A few existed early on –They were very short –Used to connect things very close together Man-made waterways –Like rivers A few existed early on –They were very short –Used to connect things very close together

10. Canal Boom Erie Canal –“Clinton’s Ditch” Plan to link Hudson River (New York City) with Lake Erie DeWitt Clinton (NY Governor) –Work began in 1817 Much dug by hand Bridges over rivers Complete in 1825 –End Result Success! Travel costs were 1/20 the original cost!!! This encouraged others to make canals Erie Canal –“Clinton’s Ditch” Plan to link Hudson River (New York City) with Lake Erie DeWitt Clinton (NY Governor) –Work began in 1817 Much dug by hand Bridges over rivers Complete in 1825 –End Result Success! Travel costs were 1/20 the original cost!!! This encouraged others to make canals

11. Canals Advantages –Could connect any two bodies of water –Linked places that otherwise couldn’t have been linked Advantages –Could connect any two bodies of water –Linked places that otherwise couldn’t have been linked Disadvantages –Expensive to build –Difficult to build –Froze during the winter (sometimes) –Slower than river travel Disadvantages –Expensive to build –Difficult to build –Froze during the winter (sometimes) –Slower than river travel

14. Effects on People/Economy Allowed for farmers to profit Allowed for greater western expansion New cities were formed Costs of travel and shipping dropped Communication improved

15. Map Activity MSQ / Use the map on page 306 titled, “Major Canals” 1. Which canal helped connect Pittsburgh to the East Coast? 2. The Erie Canal was created to connect what two major bodies of water? 3. Explain why the canals on this map for the most part were connected to the Great Lakes. Answer this from both a logistic perspective and also for practicality. / Use the map on page 306 titled, “Major Canals” 1. Which canal helped connect Pittsburgh to the East Coast? 2. The Erie Canal was created to connect what two major bodies of water? 3. Explain why the canals on this map for the most part were connected to the Great Lakes. Answer this from both a logistic perspective and also for practicality.

16. Wrap-Up Your homework is on the back of your note guide! Answer the target now! I can identify improvements made in transportation in the 1800s and explain how they benefited an expanding America.