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Cancer Notes Thursday November 6th
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Review Mitosis/Cell Division
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Cancer Normal cells if damaged… Cancer Cells if damaged… Tumor Metastasis
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What cause cancer?
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Animations (https://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/cancer/activities/activity2_ animations.htm)https://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/cancer/activities/activity2_ animations.htm Animations 1, 3, 4 5 is a summary Animation 2 goes into WAY more detail than we need
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DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Shape: double-helix (twisted ladder) Made of Nucleotides Each nucleotide contains 1 deoxyribose sugar, 1 phosphate, 1 base 4 bases exist: adenine which pairs with thymine, guanine which pairs with cytosine Chromosome is an entire strand of DNA, contains: Genes which are sections of DNA that code for one protein Non-coding sections of DNA Mutated DNA: A, T, C, G get mixed up in the way they connect
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Protein Synthesis The process of copying the information in DNA to make proteins One gene has the information to make one protein Basic steps: RNA copies a gene of DNA RNA leaves nucleus and lands on ribosome Information on the RNA is used to put amino acids in order to make the protein
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Proteins Help chemical reactions occur Hormones (regulate organism) Structure (cell membranes, cartilage, hair, etc.) Muscle contraction Immunity (antibodies) Transport All physical features!
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Mutation- permanent change in the DNA sequence that has the potential to make a different protein Could be positive, negative, or have no effect Causes: Can be genetically inherited (ex: cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, tay-sachs, hemophilia, etc. etc. etc.) Environmental factors (ex: smoking, UV rays, chemicals, diet, etc. etc. etc.)
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Supplemental Videos: What is DNA and How Does it Work? (5:23) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY Why Don't We All Have Cancer? (9:22) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qja4z1HGDQo Mutations: The Potential Power of a Small Change(0:00-3:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GieZ3pk9YVo
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