1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The system means working of various organ to support aparticular event. Here this system is comprised of ovaries,fallopian tubes,uterus and vagina. Other accessary stuctures like external genetalia and mammary glands are also parts of this system The system is responsible for formation,growth,development,nuturing of the embryo before and after its expulsion from birth canal

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Principle organs of the female reprd.system Ovaries Uterine tubes Uterus Vagina

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.13 Anatomy of the reproductive system

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.14a, b The Ovaries and Their Relationships to the Uterine Tube and Uterus

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Ovum production Occurs monthly in ovarian follicles Generaly one egg is released per ovary per month It is under the controll of various hormones Oogenesis

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.15 How Oogenesis occurs

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.16 The development of Follicle into Graffian follicle

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.16 The fate of ruptured follicular covering

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscular organ Mechanical protection Nutritional support Waste removal for the developing embryo and fetus Supported by the broad ligament and 3 pairs of suspensory ligaments The uterus-a stretchable pouch

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Myometrium – outer muscular layer Endometrium – a thin, inner, glandular mucosa Perimetrium – an incomplete serosa continuous with the peritoneum Uterine wall consists of three layers:

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.18c Anatomy of the uterus

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mons pubis Labia minora and majora Clitoris External genitalia

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Key hormones include: FSH Stimulates follicular development LH Maintains structure and secretory function of corpus luteum Estrogens Have multiple functions Progesterones Stimulate endometrial growth and secretion Hormones of the female reproductive cycle

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.25 The Hormonal Regulation of Ovarian Activity

15. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.26a-c The Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive Cycle

16. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Menstrual Cycle – Indicator of fertility It stars at at the age of puberty.(menarche) Its average timing is 28 days (+/-). The uterine wall undergo certain changes. The pitutiary and ovarian hormones plays imp role. Menses is “weeping of of the uterus over lost egg”. Stops at certain age called menopause marking the end of fertile period.

17. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 28.26d-f The Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive Cycle PLAY

18. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Home work to the students Based on diagrams To show section of ovary indicating development of follicles Where fimbrae are located ? How ligament hold the ovary and uterus. Based on logical thinking What is LH surge ?. When corpus leutem is formed ? Why the endometrium of uterus get broken ?