1. Deviance and Social Control Michael Itagaki Sociology 101

2. What is Deviance? Deviance is a violation of norms  Norms = standards of behavior  Values  Norms Deviance is a social construct  Socially defined, depends on circumstances  Deviance is relative

3. What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change from culture to culture  Tiwi in Australia—treating elderly  Crime in U.S. vs. Tiwi “custom”

4. What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change with time  What are some things that have changed between deviant & non-deviant over time?  Divorce, cohabitation, interracial marriage, abortion, birth control

5. What is Deviance? Definitions of deviance change with time  Tatoos

6. What is Deviance? Who or what is labeled as deviant depends on power  Conflict perspective  Cigarette smoking in restaurants  Non-smoking in So. Cal.  Smoking in Oklahoma

7. What is Deviance? Who or what is labeled as deviant depends on power  Conflict perspective  Ivan Boesky  William J. Rummel

8. What is Deviance? Those with power shape laws and determine what is labeled as deviant Justice system treats people differently based upon social class and race White-collar crime Corporate crime

9. Competing Explanations of Deviance Psychology  Look for explanations within individual  Personality disorders Sociology  Look for explanations outside individual  Social influences

10. Functionalism and Deviance Deviance has a purpose  Clarifies rules  Builds solidarity  Warns something is wrong  Brings about social change

11. Functionalism and Deviance Deviance has a purpose  Brings about social change

12. Functionalism and Deviance Merton’s Strain Theory (anomie)  Cultural goals  Institutionalized means  What happens when goals… through approved means?  Strain between goals and means

13. Functionalism and Deviance Adapt to Strain between Goals and Means Conformity (non deviance)++ Innovation+— Ritualism—+ Retreatism—— RebellionNewNew

14. Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Differential Association  Edwin Sutherland  Deviate or conform to norms because of different groups we associate with  Deviance is learned

15. Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Differential Association  Associations with significant others…  who define some behavior favorably  The frequency of associations  The duration of associations.

16. Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Control Theory  Reckless, Hirschi  Inner controls  Outer controls  Stronger bonds with society, more effective inner controls.

17. Symbolic Interaction and Deviance Control Theory  Social Bonds  Attachment  Commitment  Involvement  Belief