1. Qualitative Research Planning the Research pp. 111- 143 MA1C0104 Jerry 吳思淨

2. Before Planning a Research Three practical considerations we can take into: 1.Do-ability: Think about if the study can be done. Eg. Available Time, sufficient expense, and our skills. 2. Want-to-do-ability: Think about if we have much passion for the study, since the study takes a long time. 3. Should-do-ability: Think about if the study is worth doing, such as the significance of the study or privacy.

3. The Major two Sections of a Research Proposal 1.What does the research want to learn more about? – The study’s conceptual framework 2. How will the researcher learn about the issue or question? – The design and methods.

4. The Elements of a Qualitative Proposal 1. Introduction: Overview of conceptual framework and design and methods. 2. Conceptual Framework ( the what) 2-1. Topic and statement of the problem 2-2. Purpose and significance 2-3. Background for the study (literature review) 2-4. Overview questions and subquestions 2-5. Personal biography of the researcher 2-6. Limitations

5. The Elements of a Qualitative Proposal 3. Design and Methods (the how) 3-1. Overall approach and rationale 3-2. Site or population selection and sampling strategies 3-3. Data gathering procedures 3-4. Data - analysis procedures 3-5. Trustworthiness and methodological limitations 3-6. Ethical considerations

6. The Elements of a Qualitative Proposal 4. Appendixes 4-1. Informed consent forms 4-2. Draft interview guide 4-3. Draft observation protocol

7. 2. Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework presents our theory of the world we’ll be studying. 1. What do you want to learn about? 2. What is already known about this topic? 3. What questions remain unanswered? 4. What assumptions are you making when you ask these questions?

8. 2. Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework is a crucial section which, 1.Aids in describing and explaining the phenomenon diagnosing the situation, and proposing plans of action. 2.Sharpens the focus; provides categories for analysis. 3.Provides insight into the basic character of the phenomenon. 4.Servers as a source of hypothesis generation. 5.Links the inquirer’s questions to larger theoretical constructs and policy discussion.

9. 2-1. Topic and Statement of the Problem Topics are what interest us. We first think of a topic and then narrow it by asking 1.What the component parts of the topic are? 2.How these parts relate to one another? 3.How the topic relates to a larger domain?

10. 2-1. Topic and Statement of the Problem Problem or issue statements often focus on what is not yet known or understood well. The five purposes of the statement are to 1.establish the theoretical framework that guides your study. 2.demonstrate that you are knowledgeable about the topic and the intellectual traditions that surround and support the study.

11. 2-1. Topic and Statement of the Problem 3. reveal gaps in that literature that your study can begin to address. 4. lead toward the general research questions that your study will pursue. 5. articulate a sound rationale or need to conduct the study.

12. 2-2. Purpose and significance A statement of purpose captures the essence of the study and asks us 1. to understand 2. to develop and 3. discover. We should state why doing the particular study is important and how it may contribute. Here are some questions responding to the significance section. 1.Who has an interest in this domain of inquiry? 2.How will this new research add to theory, policy and practice in this area? 3.How might it be of benefit to the participants and therefore of significance to them?

13. 2-4. Overview questions and subquestions We need to frame the study as responding one or two general questions with a reasonable number (e.g., three to five) subquestions to refine the general ones. Besides, questions should be nondirectional.

14. 2-6. Limitations Limitations set come conditions that acknowledge the partial and tentative nature of any research. Limitations stipulate the weaknesses of a study, thereby encouraging the reader to judge it with these limitations in mind. The End