1. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 TB-1 Technology Briefing Advanced Topics and Trends in Managing the Information Systems Infrastructure (Hardware)

2. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Information Systems Hardware TB-2 Input Devices  Used to enter information into a computer Processing Devices  Transform inputs into outputs. Output Devices  Deliver information to users in a usable format  Some considered storage device as the 4 th part of hardware

3. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Input Devices TB-3 Keyboard is used to enter text and numbers Types of Keyboard:  Traditional: QWERTY keyboard. How the letters is arranged on the keyboard  Ergonomic: resembled widen v-shape and designed to reduce stress on wrists, hand, and arms while typing  Virtual: uses laser and infrared technology to project full size QWERTY on any surface

4. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Pointing and Selecting Devices TB-4 Hardware that requires the user to point at screen and select menu/instruction E.g., mouse, light pen, touch pad, touch screen, joystick etc.

5. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Entering Batch Data TB-5 Scanner is used to input repetitive information or data in batches or large groups. Types include: handheld and flatbed scanners

6. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Other Scanning Technologies Smart Cards: Special credit-card size cards that contain microprocessor chip; memory circuits; magnetic stripe used to stored specific data and used as a medium to input them into systems Biometric devices: A types of security device that grants or denies access to a resource (e.g. facilities, computer systems) through analysis of fingerprints, retinal patterns in the eye, face geometry, or other bodily characteristics. 1-6

7. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Audio Input TB-7 Audio refers to the sound that has been digitized for manipulation, storage, and replay. Voice Input: Microphone Other Forms of Audio Input: Electronic keyboards using Musical instrument digital interface (MIDI)

8. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Video Input TB-8 Video is sequence of still images representing scenes in motion (moving picture) Digital (video) camera- captures images or short video clips. Using the input from webcam, a PC can create: 1) Streaming video: Compressed form of video that can be sent over the Internet. Images are displayed on the screen as they arrived. 2) Streaming media: Streaming video with sound.

9. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 System Unit TB-9 System Unit is the physical box that house all the following: (1) Motherboard, power supply, and fan, (2) Central processing unit (CPU), (3) RAM and ROM memory, (4) Hard drive, CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive, and (5) Ports for plugging in peripherals system unit

10. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Motherboard, Power Supply and Fan TB-10 Mother board: Contains all components that do the actual processing work of the computer. It is a large fiberglass/plastic circuit board. Other components are connected to it Power Supply: Converts electricity from socket to a lower voltage between 110 to 240 volts AC. Fan: to cool the air inside the system unit.

11. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Central Processing Unit (CPU) CPU is also known as the Microprocessor, processor, chip Ex: Intel Pentium 4, IBM Power5 Responsible for performing all of the operations of the computer  Arithmetic logic unit (ALU):  Perform math and logical operations  Control unit:  Fetch program instructions  Decode instructions  Retrieve data  Store results 1-11

12. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Primary Storage TB-12 For temporary storage to support computer processing. Has two type: RAM and ROM. Random-Access Memory (RAM): Computer’s main or primary memory. Stores the programs and data currently in use. It is Volatile and memory is lost when the computer is turned off Read-Only Memory (ROM): Can be read but cannot be written to. Nonvolatile. BIOS Basic Input/Out System (firmware code) Erasable ROM (EEPROM): Flash memory. Can be written to and erased. Secondary storage / Removable.

13. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Secondary Storage Nonvolatile storage for permanently storing data. E.g., Hard disk, CD-ROM disk, magnetic tape etc. 1-13

14. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Hard Drives and Diskettes TB-14 Hard Drives: A secondary storage device usually located inside the system unit. Have Several magnetic disks and high storage capacity. Storage capacity about 100-300 GB. Can have external drive too. Diskettes: Portable magnetic media with capacity of 1.44MB. Has becomes obsolete

15. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Optical Disk Storage TB-15 Uses laser beam technology to read and write  CD-ROMs (compact disc- read-only memory)  CD-R (compact disc- recordable)  CD-RW (compact disc rewritable)  DVD-ROM (digital versatile disk-read-only memory)  Shorter-wavelength laser beam  Digital Video Disks  Blu-Ray

16. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Magnetic Tapes Used for large-capacity storage Consists of narrow plastic tape coated with a magnetic substance Physical forms could be in reels or cassettes Capacity of storage is up to 1 TB Slow processing Problem in difficulty of locating specific data on tape 1-16

17. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Video Output TB-17 Used to display information from a computer. Video output display can come in forms of:  Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)  Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)  Organic light- emitting diodes (OLED)  Projectors

18. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Printers and Plotters Plotter: Output device used to transferring engineering designs from PC to drafting papers. Printer: Used to small size documents. Divided into the following types: Dot Matrix (b) Ink-jet (c) Laser (d) 1-18

19. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Audio Output Sound card and speakers  Sound card translates digits into sound  Also used to capture sound Other audio output  E.g., USB headphones 1-19 subwoofer speakers

20. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Types of Computer Types of computer can be divided into the following (1) Supercomputer, (2) Mainframe, (3) Midrange, and (4)Microcomputer or personal computer. They can be differentiate based on the number of simultaneous users, physical size, typical usage, memory size, and cost. Micro computer can be categorized into two: (1) stationary (e.g. desktop and standing) and portable (e.g. notes book, tablet and handheld) 1-20

21. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Supercomputers TB-21 Users: 1-to-many Size: Automobile— multiple rooms Typical use: Scientific research Memory: 5000+ GB Cost: $1-20 million

22. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Mainframes TB-22 Users: 1000+ Size: Refrigerator Typical use: Large general purpose business & gov’t Memory: Up to 1500+GB Cost: $1-10 million

23. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Midrange Computers TB-23 Users: 5-500 Size: File cabinet Typical use: Midsize general purpose business, typically for a department or small organizational units Memory: up to 20 GB Cost: $10,000-100,000

24. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Microcomputers or PCs TB-24 Users: 1 Size: handheld—fitting on desktop Typical use: personal productivity Memory: 512MB-2GB Cost: $200-5,000

25. IS Today (Valacich & Schneider) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Published as Prentice Hall 10/21/2015 Portable Computers Notebook computers: Light weight, Battery powered and Limited expandability Tablet PC: Type of notebook that accepts input from an electronic pen. E.g. Slate model &Convertible model) Handheld Computers: Small computers that can be carried in a pocket. Niche in the portable computers market. E.g. Personal digital assistants (PDAs) & Cell phones 1-25