2. The Upheaval in Christendom (1300 - 1560) Renaissance Unit

4. 1.What does the term “Renaissance” mean? 2.How was the Renaissance manifested in politics, government, and social organization? 3.Did the Renaissance involve shifts in religious attitudes? Important Questions

6. Diminishing Power of the Church

7. Activities outside the sphere of religion. That which does not pertain to religion. Secularization

8. Secularism in Italy

9. Leonardo Bruni “The whole glory of man lies in activity.”

11. The Rise of the Peasants

12. Political Impact

14. Renaissance in Italy

15. Italian Social Structure Popolo grasso Mediocri Popolo minuto,

17. Italian Cities

18. Intellectual Humanism –Humanism was to be intellectually liberating. –Medieval Christian humility discouraged self- absorption –Literature of individuality emerged

19. Renaissance Humanism

20. Seven Liberal Arts of Antiquity

21. The Birth of Humanist Literature

22. Printing

23. Political Humanism

24. Religious Humanism Did not break completely from religion. Italian Humanists became known as pagan humanists, while Northern Humanists became known as Christian Humanists.

25. Erasmus

26. Institutional Change Forever changed. Papal authority challenged. Christian values and virtues lost their potency. Individual rulers and merchants influenced society.

27. The wealthy merchant families and oligarchies ruled. Political Units / City-States

29. Cradle of the Italian Renaissance. Case Study: Florence

30. “Eroded the power of the nobility by expanding the ranks and influence of townsmen” Merchant Capitalism