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The Upheaval in Christendom (1300 - 1560) Renaissance Unit
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1.What does the term “Renaissance” mean? 2.How was the Renaissance manifested in politics, government, and social organization? 3.Did the Renaissance involve shifts in religious attitudes? Important Questions
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Diminishing Power of the Church
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Activities outside the sphere of religion. That which does not pertain to religion. Secularization
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Secularism in Italy
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Leonardo Bruni “The whole glory of man lies in activity.”
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The Rise of the Peasants
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Political Impact
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Renaissance in Italy
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Italian Social Structure Popolo grasso Mediocri Popolo minuto,
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Italian Cities
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Intellectual Humanism –Humanism was to be intellectually liberating. –Medieval Christian humility discouraged self- absorption –Literature of individuality emerged
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Renaissance Humanism
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Seven Liberal Arts of Antiquity
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The Birth of Humanist Literature
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Printing
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Political Humanism
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Religious Humanism Did not break completely from religion. Italian Humanists became known as pagan humanists, while Northern Humanists became known as Christian Humanists.
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Erasmus
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Institutional Change Forever changed. Papal authority challenged. Christian values and virtues lost their potency. Individual rulers and merchants influenced society.
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The wealthy merchant families and oligarchies ruled. Political Units / City-States
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Cradle of the Italian Renaissance. Case Study: Florence
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“Eroded the power of the nobility by expanding the ranks and influence of townsmen” Merchant Capitalism
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