1. Resistant Antibiotic Superbug Bacteria
Superbugs
Starter
Match the following keywords with your definition sheet
Resistant Antibiotic Superbug Bacteria

2. Objective
Understand the causes, affects and solutions to the problems of bacterial superbugs
Outcomes
State the definition of the keywords
Describe the consequences of overuse of antibiotics
Describe how strains of bacteria, including MRSA, have developed resistance to antibiotics
Can link the development of MRSA to the theory of natural selection.

3. Superbugs Single-celled microorganisms
Keyword
Definition
Single-celled microorganisms
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against a disease
a strain of bacteria that is resistant to most antibiotics
A substance or compound that kills, or inhibits the growth of, bacteria.

4. Superbugs Single-celled microorganisms
Keyword
Definition
Single-celled microorganisms
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against a disease
a strain of bacteria that is resistant to most antibiotics
A substance or compound that kills, or inhibits the growth of, bacteria.

5. Superbugs Bacteria Single-celled microorganisms Resistant
Keyword
Definition
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms
Resistant
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against a disease
Superbug
a strain of bacteria that is resistant to most antibiotics
Antibiotic
A substance or compound that kills, or inhibits the growth of, bacteria.

6. This little bacteria can.....
MRSA under a microscope

7. ....cause this

8. MRSA What does MRSA stand for? Where can you find MRSA?
Read the article ‘What is MRSA’ to answer the following:
What does MRSA stand for?
Where can you find MRSA?
How is MRSA transmitted?
Why is MRSA resistant?
What can MRSA cause?
What are the different causes of MRSA?

9. MRSA What does MRSA stand for? Where can you find MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Where can you find MRSA?
Many people naturally carry it on their throat, nose and skin
What can MRSA cause?
A mild infection such as pimples and impetigo, if it penetrates get through the skin and cause serious infection elsewhere in the body such as sepsis (blood infection) and pneumonia.

10. Natural Selection
Variation exists in a population due to mutations in their genes The organisms with the most appropriate characteristics to their environment will survive and reproduce The ‘useful’ gene that enabled them to survive will be passed on to the next generation

11. Natural Selection
Different Cheetahs within a population could run at different speeds due to variations (caused by mutations) in their genes. The fastest Cheetahs were able to catch more prey (Gazelles)therefore able to survive and reproduce. The ‘useful’ genes that enabled them to run faster than others in the population, were passed on to the next .

12. Natural Selection of Bacteria

13. Natural Selection of Bacteria
Apply your knowledge of natural selection and explain how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics
Draw a flow diagram to show how can a strain of Staphylococcus aureus can become a resistant strain or MRSA
Write a paragraph describing why MRSA is a good example of natural selection in action. (6 marks)

14. Plenary
Peer mark your partners work and give them a mark out of 4 for each question
Give them a target for improvement

15. Question A
Variation exists in S.aureus population due to mutations in their genes
When S.aureus are exposed to an antibiotic, non-resistant pathogens are killed, the few with resistance will survive
The resistant S.aureus will reproduce and pass on the resistant gene to all offspring (bacteria reproduce asexually)
S.aureus will become MRSA when exposed to a high number of different antibiotics and the above is repeated

16. Question B
Natural selection states that only those that are best adapted to their environment will survive (1)
MRSA has adapted to its environment, by being able to resist various antibiotics (1)
Non-resistant strains, like S.aureus, die out (1)
As they are not well adapted to their environment (1)
All bacteria are able to reproduce quickly (1)
Therefore mutations are seen in whole populations very quickly (1)