1. Read about events in Czechoslovakia in 1948 & take notes on how the Communists assumed control.  Extension: why was the West so shocked by events in this country?  starter activity

2. Czech Crisis, 1948 Communists mounted a coup d’état Communists mounted a coup d’état Police force taken over by communists Police force taken over by communists Non-communist personnel removed Non-communist personnel removed Non-communists removed from govt Non-communists removed from govt Fear & coercion used to remove remaining opponents, e.g. Jan Masaryk defenestrated Fear & coercion used to remove remaining opponents, e.g. Jan Masaryk defenestrated President Benes forced to resign & replaced by communist Gottwald President Benes forced to resign & replaced by communist Gottwald

3. What shocked West Symptomatic of Soviet aggression in Eastern Europe & communist expansionism Symptomatic of Soviet aggression in Eastern Europe & communist expansionism Last remaining democratic country in Eastern Europe Last remaining democratic country in Eastern Europe Memories of WWII – failure of appeasement & Nazi expansionism Memories of WWII – failure of appeasement & Nazi expansionism

4. What impact did the Czechoslovakian Crisis of 1948 have on Western attitudes towards the USSR?

5. How did the blockade of Berlin increase Cold War tensions? To be able to explain how the communists took control of Czechoslovakia To identify at least 5 major causes of the Berlin Blockade (1948-9) To assess the impact of the crisis  LOs

6. Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin. Why was Berlin so important during the Cold War?

7. Reasons why Berlin was so important Capital of Germany - cause of two world wars Capital of Germany - cause of two world wars Place where East met West, communism v. capitalism Place where East met West, communism v. capitalism Focus of world events at Yalta & Potsdam (1945), Berlin Blockade (1948-9), Berlin Wall (1961, 1989) Focus of world events at Yalta & Potsdam (1945), Berlin Blockade (1948-9), Berlin Wall (1961, 1989)

8. What does this photo tell us about Berlin after WWII?

10.  Your task Read p.31 and in your notes summarise the main reasons why the Berlin Blockade occurred in 1948. Read p.31 and in your notes summarise the main reasons why the Berlin Blockade occurred in 1948. Which reason was the most important? Which reason was the most important?  Extension:  Extension: Why did the US not fear a revived Germany, whilst the USSR did?

11. Causes of Berlin Blockade Divisions over future of Berlin dating back to Yalta & Potsdam Divisions over future of Berlin dating back to Yalta & Potsdam Tensions of economic differences – West zones benefited from Marshall Aid Tensions of economic differences – West zones benefited from Marshall Aid Differences in living standards Differences in living standards Failure of Council of Ministers Failure of Council of Ministers Introduction of new currency – Deutche Mark Introduction of new currency – Deutche Mark Merger of Western zones Merger of Western zones

12.  Your task Read p.31-2 and list the major consequences of the Berlin Blockade. Read p.31-2 and list the major consequences of the Berlin Blockade.  Extension: Who in your opinion came out as the winners as a result of this crisis?  Extension: Who in your opinion came out as the winners as a result of this crisis?

13. What were the consequences? 1 st major flashpoint of Cold War 1 st major flashpoint of Cold War 1949, Western allies estd. Federal Republic of West Germany 1949, Western allies estd. Federal Republic of West Germany 1949, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) founded 1949, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) founded End to US isolationism End to US isolationism Divisions between East & West Germany became permanent Divisions between East & West Germany became permanent

14. Watch the extract from the Channel 4 series, ‘Cold War’ and answer the questions that follow.

15. Why were Truman & Stalin so determined to make an example of Berlin?

16.  Extension Produce a presentation and factoid on Lucius D Clay. Did his attitude help to increase tensions or avert the threat of a conflict with the USSR? Produce a presentation and factoid on Lucius D Clay. Did his attitude help to increase tensions or avert the threat of a conflict with the USSR? General Lucius D Clay, Governor of Berlin

17. Plenary Plenary Why was Berlin so important? Why was Berlin so important? Why did Stalin order the blockade? Why did Stalin order the blockade? What were the long-term consequences of the Berlin Blockade? What were the long-term consequences of the Berlin Blockade?

18. Debate Debate Work in small groups. Your task is to demonstrate that your given event was the most significant turning point in the development of Cold War in the period 1945-48? Work in small groups. Your task is to demonstrate that your given event was the most significant turning point in the development of Cold War in the period 1945-48? Yalta & Potsdam conferences (1945) Yalta & Potsdam conferences (1945) Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe (1945-7) Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe (1945-7) Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech (1946) Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech (1946) Truman Doctrine & Marshall Aid (1947) Truman Doctrine & Marshall Aid (1947) Berlin Blockade (1948-9) Berlin Blockade (1948-9)

19.  Homework Please read the extracts from Cold War at Source on the Berlin Blockade and complete questions 1-5 Please read the extracts from Cold War at Source on the Berlin Blockade and complete questions 1-5  Extension: See previous task on Lucius D Clay  Extension: See previous task on Lucius D Clay