1. THE COLD WAR 1945 – 1991

2. Potsdam Conference
Yalta Conference

3. Causes of the Cold War Misunderstanding Different Ideologies
USSR takes Eastern Europe – worries US
US in Western Europe – worries USSR
Truman and Stalin
Stalin a victim of Germany – NEVER AGAIN
Truman – no appeasement – hard stance
Arms Race
USSR scared of A Bomb – want their own
Both feared an attack from one another

4. United States vs. the Soviet Union in Europe
USA wanted….
Soviets were a threat to their way of life.
Self determination
Access to raw materials and new markets
Rebuild European Governments
Reunite Germany
USSR wanted…
Thought they had won WWII. Want spoils of war
Encourage Communism in Europe
No free elections – Stalin breaks promise
Rebuild its economy by using Eastern Europe
Control Eastern Europe to balance US’s influence
Keep Germany Divided

6. TRUMAN INFORMS STALIN OF THE ATOMIC BOMB – MISTRUST
At Potsdam, as elsewhere, the secret of the atomic bomb was kept closely guarded. We did not extend the very small circle of Americans who knew about it. Churchill naturally knew about the atomic bomb project from its very beginning, because it had involved the pooling of British and American technical skill.
On July 24 I casually mentioned to Stalin that we had a new weapon of unusual destructive force. The Russian Premier showed no special interest. All he said was that he was glad to hear it and hoped we would make “good use of it against the Japanese.”
Source: Memoirs of Harry S. Truman: Volume I, Year of Decisions (New York: Doubleday, 1955), p. 416.

7. STALIN’S REACTION TO THE ATOMIC BOMB
Stalin said tersely: “Roosevelt clearly felt no need to put us in the picture. He could have done it at Yalta. He could simply have told me the atom bomb was going through its experimental states. We were supposed to be allies.”
It was noticeable that, even though Stalin was annoyed, he spoke calmly. He continued: “No doubt Washington and London are hoping we won’t be able to develop the bomb ourselves for some time. And meanwhile, using America’s monopoly, in fact America’s and Britain’s, they want to force us to accept their plans on questions affecting Europe and the world. Well, that’s not going to happen!” and now, for once, he cursed in ripe language. A broad grin appeared on the face of my good friend Gusev.
Source: Andrei Gromyko, Memories, Translated by Harold Shukman (London: Century Hutchinson,
Ltd., 1989), pp. 108–109.

8. “We Didn’t Start the Fire” Billy Joel - 1989
Who does Billy Joel blame for starting the Cold War
Based on the song, is Joel for or against the Cold War.
WHO STARTED THE COLD WAR???

9. Cold War heats up in Europe
“Containment”
Truman Doctrine
Berlin Airlift

10. Stalin installs Communist
Governments in Albania,
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia,
Hungry, Romania, Poland
From Stettin in the Balkans, to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lies the ancient capitals of Central and Eastern Europe Sir Winston Churchill, 1946

11. Divided Germany

12. Divided Berlin

13. How should the United States respond to the USSR in Europe?
Winston Churchill
Strong alliance between USA and GB
Henry Wallace – Secretary of Commerce
USSR has the right – “Getting tough never brought anything real and lasting for the schoolyard bullies or world powers. The tougher we get, the tougher the Russians will get”

14. Discussing the Plans List the pros and cons of each plan
Who would you have supported? Explain
Why did “Containment” win out? How will this affect America in the future?

15. The Truman Doctrine (1947) Reasoning
Communist influence in Turkey and Greece
Cant support themselves
Britain cant do it either
Financial aid “to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation”
$400 million in aide to Turkey and Greece

16. Research the following (Using your Laptops or mobile devices)
Berlin Blockade
Berlin Airlift
NATO
Warsaw Pact
Include…..
Brief summary (including key dates)
Key causes
Major effects on cold war
Major arguments in defense of U.S. and Soviet actions (Cause and Effect)

17. The Marshall Plan
“European Recovery Program”
Provide aid to ALL countries
Not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.
12.2 Billion in aid to Western Europe
USSR refuses
Western Europe Helped

19. Dividing Germany – Berlin Airlift
1948 – US, GB, and France merge their parts of Germany together
USSR blocks access to Berlin.
The U.S. began a massive airlift of supplies that lasted almost a year. (7,000 tons a day)
Stalin eventually stops this
East Germany is created

21. NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO) 1949
Luxemburg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
1952: Greece & Turkey
1955: West Germany
1983: Spain
United States
Belgium
Britain
Canada
Denmark
France
Iceland
Italy

22. WARSAW PACT (1955) U. S. S. R. Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Rumania

24. Soviets Develop the Atomic Bomb
Russia detonated its first atom bomb in
Truman ordered construction of the hydrogen bomb.

25. Closing….
How, if at all, do you think communication problems and ideological prejudice contributed to the cold war?
Why were the Berlin blockade and resulting airlift such dramatic and important events in the cold war?
Evaluate Truman’s actions during the early parts of the Cold War