1. History of South Africa
Prehistorical:
Earliest human ancestors: 3 million years ago
San & Khoikhoi people: nomadic & hunters, gatherers
Pre European civilization:
From 7th century: rise of chiefs (landlords)
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

2. History of South Africa
European Discovery:
1488: Cape of Good Hope first time rounded
1497: First voyage Europe - India Vasco da Gama
1652: Dutch establishment on Cape of Good Hope by VOC
By 18th century: European settlers had fully taken over
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

3. History of South Africa
1770 – 1900: Mfecane, British settlement, Great Trek, Afrikaner Republics, Boer War
1910: Union of South Africa
1922: Black oppression: Rand Revolt
1948: Institution of Apartheid
1950 – 1988: uprising, revolts, international pressure
: negotiations, first democratic elections
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

4. Population composition
Population & Language
Population composition
(%)
Blacks 77
White 11
Mixed race 9
Asian
2.5
Other 1
Spoken language (2001)
(%)
Zulu
23.8
Xhosa
17.6
Afrikaans
13.3
Sepedi
9.4
English
8.2
Setswana
Sesotho
7.9
Tsonga
4.4
Siswati
2.7
Venda
2.3
Ndebele
1.6
Other
0.5
Total Population ± 43 million
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

5. United States of America
Health
South Africa
The Netherlands
United States of America
HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate (%) (2001 est.)
20.1
0.2
0.6
HIV/AIDS – people living with HIV/AIDS (2001 est.)
5,000,000
17,000
900,000
HIV/AIDS – deaths (2001 est.)
310,000
110
15,000
Life expectancy at birth (2003 est.)
- total population:
46.56 years
78.74 years
77.14 years
Death rate (deaths/1,000 population) (2003 est.)
18.42
8.66
8.44
Infant mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births)
(2003 est.)
60.84
4.26
6.75
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

6. Hofstede Analysis Conclusions South Africa: high MAS and high IDV
PDI – Power Distance Index
IDV – Individualism
MAS – Masculinity
UAI – Uncertainty Avoidance Index
LTO – Long Term Orientation
Conclusions South Africa: high MAS and high IDV
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

7. Further Social-Cultural characteristics
High Crime Rate: Jo’burg most criminal city in the world (2001)
Very unevenly distributed incomes:
Top income quintile: 66% White, 5% Black
Lowest two income quintiles: 4% White, 60% Black
High unemployment rate, especially under Blacks and Coloured people
Apartheid Still noticeable in all aspects of the society
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics - Technology - Statements

8. Technology Industry: 24.1 % GDP from metals & petrochemical
R&D: 0.69 % SA – 1.96 % NL
Internet users: 8.0 % SA – 61 % NL
Kg CO2 per capita: 9,000 SA – 2,500 NL
Government: R&D Strategy 2003 start of implementation
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics – Technology - Statements

9. Statements
1. The international community failed the South African people during Apartheid in the 20th century.
2. Positive discrimination towards blacks and mixed races is good for South Africa.
3. Townships are areas of poverty just outside the city's center. The government should take its responsibility and remove townships because criminality and health problems are frequently present.
4. The solution to the AIDS problem can be found in changing the populations attitude towards the virus or the solution should be found in the governments recognition.
History – People & Language – Health – Hofstede Analysis – Further characteristics – Technology - Statements