1. Cold War Review Head for your nearest bomb shelter…this test will be a nuclear missile!

2. Where were the war-crimes trials held which argued that each person is responsible for his own action? Nuremberg Trials

3. What was one of the four charges against the men tried at Nuremberg? Conspiracy, Crimes Against Peace, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity

4. What government philosophy was viewed as the greatest danger to the U.S. after WW II? Communism

5. What was the name of U.S. foreign policy in the Cold War period toward communism which meant that the U.S. was trying to hold it back? Containment

6. At which conference did Stalin break his promise to give free elections in Eastern Europe after the war? Potsdam Conference

7. The U.S. wrote a constitution for what former Asian enemy in 1947? Japan

8. It was the major treaty alliance between the U.S. and Western Europe. NATO

9. Who coined the term “ iron curtain? ” Winston Churchill

10. What was the alliance between the Soviet Union and her Eastern European allies? Warsaw Pact

11. In 1947, President Truman was concerned about the expansion of communism into which two countries? Greece & Turkey

12. The U.S. agreed to “ help free peoples resisting communist aggression. ” Truman Doctrine

13. The U.S. gave billions of dollars to help rebuild Western Europe. Marshall Plan

14. The Soviet Union and U.S. had a major showdown over this city in the 1940s. Berlin

15. The Berlin Blockade lasted about how long? 11 months (just under a year)

16. How did the U.S. get food into the citizens of Berlin during the blockade? An airlift

17. Who was the Nationalist leader of China during the 1940s? Chiang Kai Shek

18. The supporters of Chiang Kai Shek were forced to flee to which island in 1949? Formosa (Taiwan)

19. What communist leader took over China in 1949? Mao Zedong

20. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, what happened to the amount of money being spent on defense? It increased

21. Term generally used for a hysterical witch hunt--in this case the search for communists. McCarthyism

22. It was commonly known as HUAC. The House Committee on Un-American Activities

23. HUAC was looking for communists in what industry? Movies

24. They were executed for given atomic secrets to the Soviets. The Rosenbergs

25. What was the name given to the first directors and writers who appeared before HUAC and were jailed for contempt of Congress? Hollywood Ten

26. What was the dividing line between North and South Korea? 38th Parallel

27. What action began the Korean War? North invaded the South

28. How did Truman characterize the Korean War? As a police action

29. What percentage of UN troops in the Korean War were US troops? 90%

30. Besides North Korea, what other nation ’ s troops fought against U.N. and South Korean troops? China

31. Who was the target of President Truman ’ s anger and ultimately was fired during the Korean War? General MacArthur

32. Who was the Secretary of State under President Eisenhower and author of Brinkmanship? John Foster Dulles

33. What was the name given to the policy of threatening nuclear war against the Soviets? Brinkmanship

34. The Eisenhower Doctrine was applied to which region of the world? Middle East

35. In which Middle Eastern country did the CIA engineer a covert action that resulted in a new prime minister? Iran

36. In what Central American nation did the U.S. engineer a coup to oust a communist leaning dictator? Guatemala

37. Who was Gamal Abdel Nasser? President of Egypt

38. What important waterway was taken over by Egypt in 1956, almost leading to war? The Suez Canal

39. What nation was established in 1948, much to the dismay of her Arab neighbors? Israel

40. Which two European nations threatened war with Egypt because of her takeover of the Suez? Britain and France

41. Which Eastern European nation had a counter-revolution against the Soviet Union in 1956 that ended in defeat? Hungary

42. What event convinced Americans that the U.S. had lost her technological edge to the Soviet Union? The launching of Sputnik

43. Which Soviet leader followed Stalin and threatened the U.S. with the line, “ We will bury you? ” Khrushchev

44. Where was the site of the amphibious landing by General MacArthur during the Korean War? Inchon

45. What was the name given to being denied a job because one was suspected of communist activity or sympathy? Blacklisting

46. Potential Essays???

47. Explain why there was a fear of Communist influence in the United States in the late 1940s and 1950s. Discuss the ways in which it was manifested

48. Explain the significance of THREE of the following to BOTH the United States and the Soviet Union: - The Marshall Plan - The Berlin Airlift - The fall of China - The Korean war - Successful launch of Sputnik