2.  Pick up a Resiliency and Grit Rubric.  READ the descriptions and grade yourself again. It is OK if your score goes down!  Answer the questions on the back HONESTLY.  If you don’t know your test score – you make check IC quickly! DO NOW!

3.  List 3 things that you know about the solar system.  List 3 things that you want to know about the solar system. Warm-up

4.  How did it form?  Basic facts  99.8% of mass  100x diameter of Earth  5,527 o C  92.1% H, 7.8% He  Plasma  Sun today Sun today  Main source of Earth’s energy Our Sun http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/524990main_FAQ10_full.jpg

5.  Need to know!  Thermal energy  Temperature  Heat  3 Types of heat 1.Conduction a.Contact Thermal Energy

6. 2.Radiation a.EM waves b.How energy gets to Earth 3.Convection a.Movement i.In fluids (liquids, gases, plasma) ii.Material heated (conduction) iii.Rises….why? iv.Sinks….why? v.Repeat

7. 1.How are conduction, convection and radiation similar? 2.Give a real-life example of conduction, convection and radiation making an object warmer. (That I didn’t already give you!) Warm-up

9. All types of heating occur in different parts of the Sun 1.Core a.Conduction b.Super dense, hottest layer c.Hydrogen fusion happens here! 2.Radiation Zone a.Radiation of thermal energy b.Energy moves slowly c.Thickest layer Heat and the Sun’s Structure

10. 3.Convection Zone a.Convection b.Energy moves more quickly in this layer Heat and the Sun’s Structure

11. 4.Photosphere a.Visible surface 5.Chromosphere a.Temp. increases b.Red glow 6.Corona a.Outermost layer b.Hotter than surface c.Only seen during an eclipse Outer Solar Structure

12. Create a model of the sun to help you understand and remember the layers. Remember a model is anything that helps you! (a drawing, saying, diagram, mnemonic device, song…) Sun Structure Model

13. Sunspot Lab

14.  What is a magnetic field?  What causes a magnetic field?  On the Sun?  Effect of rotation  Different rotation rates  Magnetic field lines get wound up  Can eventually snap Sun’s Magnetic Field http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-205_162-57597396/

15.  Intense magnetic field prevents convection  Brightness & temperature  Center vs. Edges Sunspots http://oneminuteastronomer.com/1018/sunspots/

17.  Solar flares  Caused by field snap  High energy  Explosive  Prominence  Loops/arches  Follow magnetic field lines into space Surface Features

18.  Solar Wind  Plasma stream  Hot, high speed  Coronal Mass Ejections (CME)CME  Massive eruption  Rearrangement of magnetic field lines  Effects on Earth  Disrupt magnetic field shape  Damage electronics  Danger to astronauts Solar Wind & CME http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/browse/2013/10/14/index.shtml

19.  Interaction of charged particles and magnetic field  Strongest at poles  Colors  Elements  Altitude  Constantly changing Aurora http://www.public.iastate.edu/~sdk/fick2003/october.html

20. 1.Finish the questions on the Sunspot Lab. 2.Turn it into the basket when you are done. You have 10 minutes! Warm-up End

21.  Predictable cycle  11-years  Minimums  Last = 2008/2009  Maximum  Last maximum = 2014  Current count: 42  Effects on Earths’ climate Sunspot Cycle

22. Solar MinimumSolar Maximum

23.  Mass  Definition  DOES NOT CHANGE!  Units Mass & Gravity & Weight …oh my!  Gravity Gravity  Definition  9.8 m/s 2  Weight  Definition  W = m*g

24.  Nebula  Evidence for formation from one nebula  Nearly circular orbits  Orbit in same direction  Orbits in same plane  Planets rotate in same direction (mostly) How does this other stuff form?

25.  Too hot for H 2 O, CH 4 to condense  Heavier elements  Terrestrial planets  Asteroid belt  Affected by Jupiter  Objects may leave What’s happening towards the Sun? http://www.foxnews.com/science/2014/07/24/11-need-to-know-things-about-our-solar-system/

26.  Cooler  Lighter elements  H, He, H 2 Ov  Gas giants  Kuiper belt  Icy chunks  Asteroids  Pluto  Oort cloud  Comets  Source of Earth’s water? What’s happening at the outer edge? http://www.foxnews.com/science/2014/07/24/11-need-to-know-things-about-our-solar-system/

27. The BIG picture! http://mybroadband.co.za/vb/showthread.php/280231-Positions-of-Asteroid-Kuiper-Belts-amp-Oort-Cloud

28.  Astronomical Unit  Equals the average distance from the Sun to the Earth  1 AU = 9.3 x 10 7 mi  1 AU = 1.5 x 10 8 km  1 AU = 1.6 x 10 -7 ly  Practice!  The Moon is 380,000 km away = _____ AU It is HOW big?

29. Distance & Diameter Modeling

30. Create a way to remember the planets. Exit Slip

31. 1.If you were on Mercury, would you weigh more, less or the same as on Earth? 2.If you were on Mercury, would you have more, less or the same amount of mass as on Earth? 3.Create your own definitions for planet, dwarf planet, moon, comet and asteroid. Warm-up

32. How do scientists define them?  Planet 1.Orbit only a star 2.Round 3.Dominant object in its orbit  Dwarf planet 1.Orbit only a star 2.Round 3.Not dominant object in its orbit  Tend to be small  Rocky and icy http://www.windows2universe.org/our_solar_system/dwarf_planets/dwarf_planets.html

33.  Moons 1.Orbit another body (not a star)  Asteroid 1.Orbit only a star 2.Irregularly shaped  Tend to be small  Meteors  Meteoroid  Meteorite Moons and Asteroids http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Asteroidsscale.jpg http://starryskies.com/The_sky/events/lunar-2003/planets.moons.jpg

34. 1.Orbit only a star  Large, very elliptical orbits 2.Ball of frozen gas and dust  Coma Comets http://14-billion-years-later.tumblr.com/image/16213560898 http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Comets

35.  Orbits a star once every 90,465 days  Volume is about 1/200 th the size of Earth  Large enough to be relatively round in shape  Average surface temperature -229 O C  ~5.9 billion km from the a star  Elliptical and angled orbit  Crosses paths with another object A new celestial body has been discovered! How should this body be classified and why?

36.  Why is it not a planet? 1.Orbit a star?  Yes 2.Round?  Yes 3.Dominant object in orbit?  NO! NO!  What is Pluto? This object is also known as… PLUTO!!!

38. Where do you think the moon came from? Warm-up

39.  Former theories  Captured by Earth’s gravity  Formed when Earth did  Collision of small planets  Current theory  Mar’s-size object collided with early Earth  Evidence  Similar material to Earth  Age – 4.5 billion years Formation of the Moon Theories http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130710-moon-birth-impact-science-space-cover/

40.  Structure  Inner core, outer core  Solid mantle  Crust  Gravity  Magnetic field  Atmosphere  Rotation  Distance to Earth  Reflects sunlight Moon Basics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_structure_of_the_Moon http://www.madpc.co.uk/~peterl/Moon/Craters/Apennines.html

42.  Moon phase depends on position of the Moon in relation to the Sun and Earth.  What is occurring? What is occurring?  New  Full  Quarter  Between phases  Gibbous  Crescent  Waxing vs. waning Waxing vs. waning  27.3 day cyclecycle Moon Faces… no Phases

43.  Eclipses  Lunar Lunar  Why?  Which phase??  Solar Solar  Why?  Which phase? Why don’t they happen all the time!? Earth and its Moon

44. STOP

45. 1.How would your mass and weight change if you went to the Moon? 2.What is the current theory on how the Moon was formed? 3.Why do we only see one side of the Moon? 4.Describe how the new moon and full moon are ‘created.’ Warm-up 9/30 & 10/1

46.  Tides!  Bay of Fundy Bay of Fundy Earth and its Moon

49.  Tides!  Bay of Fundy Bay of Fundy  Big Picture Big Picture  Tides vs. Waves  High vs. Low  2 tides  Where do they occur? Earth and its Moon

50.  Liquid water  Habitable Zone Habitable Zone  What can effect HZ?  Star – size and temperature  Distance from star  Size of planet  Structure of planet  Presence of atmosphere  Other source of heat What is needed for life to exist? http://phl.upr.edu/library/notes/summarylimitsofthenewhabitablezone