1. Review Where and in what form in prokaryotic DNA found
Review Where is eukaryotic DNA found
Infer What could be the result of damaged DNA being replicated

2. Ch 12 DNA
12.3 DNA Replication

3. Copying the Code
Base pairing in the double helix explained how DNA could be copied
Each strand has all the information
Complementary strands
Each strand could be used to make the other.

4. The Replication Process
Process of a cell duplicating it’s DNA
Ensures that each resulting cell has the same complete set of DNA molecules.

5. DNA molecule separates into two strands
Produces two new complementary strands following base pairing rules
Each strand is a template.

6. Two strands of the double helix separate, or “unzip,” allowing two replication forks to form.

7. New bases are added following the rules of base pairing.

8. Produces two DNA molecules identical to each other and to the original molecule
Each molecule had one original strand.

9. The Role of Enzymes DNA polymerase
Joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA
Proofreads DNA molecule.

10. Telomeres Tips of chromosomes Particularly difficult to copy
DNA is lost during each replication
Telomerase
Special enzyme that some cells have that can rebuild the telomeres.

11. Replication in Living Cells
Prokaryotic cells starts from a single point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied
Have a single, circular DNA molecule in the cytoplasm.

12. Prokaryotic DNA Replication
Replication starts until regulatory proteins bind to a single starting point on the chromosome.

13. Eukaryotic DNA Replication
Replication may begin at dozens or even hundreds of places on the DNA molecule, proceeding in both directions until each chromosome is completely copied.

14. Two copies of DNA remain closely associated until the cell enters prophase of mitosis
Chromosomes condense, and the two chromatids in each chromosome become clearly visible.