1. Essay Writing The Minor Essay

2. Introducing the Minor Essay  On the diploma, you will have three hours to write a minor and a major essay  Time Suggestions  Minor Essay Time: Approx. 70 mins  Major Essay Time: Approx. 1hr 50 mins

3. Introducing the Minor Essay What is it?  A source analysis essay  You will:  Analyze three sources  Explain the links to globalization  Explain the relationships that exist between the three sources

4. What is a source? It is something that provides us with information “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” - Martin Luther King, Jr. Political Cartoon Quotation (aka “Quote”) Photograph Introducing the Minor Essay Graph

5. Example of Minor Essay Sources

6. Overview of Paragraphs  Three Analysis Paragraphs (250 words each)  Surface analysis of what is going on in the source (explicit details)  In-depth analysis of the author’s perspective (implicit details)  Links to features of globalization  Final Relationships Paragraph  Identify & explain cause and effect relationships  Link the three sources to a broad concept – either economics or government Involvement Introducing the Minor Essay Overall, you will write 4 paragraphs

7. Source Analysis Paragraphs 1. Explain the Source 2. Link to the Strands of Globalization 3. Briefly Link to a Case Study The Minor Essay Source Analysis Paragraph Relationships Paragraph

8. Source Analysis Paragraphs  Step 1: Explain the Source  Explicit Details  Things you can explicitly see  Examples: In source 1, there is a photograph of a plane… In source 1, there are two graphs… In source 1, there is a quote by Martin Luther King Jr….  Implicit Details  Details, symbolism, irony, shading, etc. – things that provide depth to the source  Examples: The man is wearing a top hat, which we can assume to symbolize wealth… The bottom part of the cartoon is shaded more darkly than the top part, which we can assume to symbolize despair and poverty….  Step 2: Link to the Strands of Globalization  Step 3: Briefly Link to a Case Study Introducing the Minor Essay

9. Source Analysis Paragraphs  Step 1: Explain the Source  Step 2: Link to the Strands of Globalization  Take three good/bad features of Globalization and explain how your analysis in Step 1 connects to these features  To frame the strands of Globalization, we are going to connect to NATIONALISM and INTERNATIONALISM  Step 3: Briefly Link to a Case Study Introducing the Minor Essay

10. Source Analysis Paragraphs  Step 1: Explain the Source  Step 2: Link to the Strands of Globalization  Step 3: Briefly Link to a Case Study  If you have time, very briefly link to a case study that directly relates to your analysis Introducing the Minor Essay

11. Globalization Nationalism (Anti-Globalization)Internationalism (Pro-Globalization) Competition Independence Patriotism Ultra-nationalism Ethnocentrism Concern for oneself Cooperation Interdependence Appreciation for Diversity Assistance for Others Encourages multilateralism Concern for others Source Analysis: Linking to the Strands of Globalization NOTE!!! In each paragraph, you CANNOT repeat the strands of Globalization. Once you have used a strand… you may NEVER use it again!!!

12. What is Nationalism?  A nation can be looked at as a group of people unified as a cultural and social community  Members of a "nation" share a common identity, and usually a common origin  This common identity may include a shared descent, language, religion, and culture  Based on this definition members of a ‘nation’ may exist within what we commonly call a nation

13. What is Internationalism?  Promotes economic and political cooperation between nations for the benefit of all  Supporters of this movement claim that nations should cooperate because their long-term mutual interests are of greater value than their individual short-term needs  Opposed to ultra-nationalism, jingoism and ethnocentrism, as well as to strictly economic globalization movements which deny the value of other nations' culture and differences  Recognizes other nations as equal, in spite of all their differences

14. What is Internationalism?  Internationalism expresses an appreciation for the diverse cultures of the world, and a desire for world peace  People who express this view take pride in not only being a citizen of their respective countries, but of being a "citizen of the world"  Internationalists feel obliged to assist the world through leadership and charity  Internationalists advocate the presence of a "United Nations" type organization, and often support a stronger version of a world government

15. What is Internationalism?  Internationalism is still based on the existence of sovereign nations but it aims to encourage multilateralism (world leadership not held by any single country)  There also exists a goal to create some formal and informal interdependence between countries, with some limited supranational powers given to international organizations

16. Let’s Practice! What explicit details do you see? Remember.. Explicit = details you can see It’s like you are describing the details of the source to someone who is blind… What is it? Cartoon? Graph? What is it about?

17. What explicit details do you see? CARTOON Man that looks like an octopus Arms on a variety of countries: Egypt, India, Canada, etc. Let’s Practice!

18. What implicit details do you see? Remember… This is where you see hidden meanings in things like symbolism, shading, and irony You’re looking for deeper meaning but not linking the source to ideologies yet… Let’s Practice!

19. What implicit details do you see? Octopus: Symbol of British Empire Tone: Menacing / Negative Let’s Practice!

20. Links to Strands of Globalization How can you link this cartoon to the strands of globalization? Let’s Practice!

21. Globalization Nationalism (Anti-Globalization)Internationalism (Pro-Globalization) Competition Independence Patriotism Ultra-nationalism… Jingoism Ethnocentrism Concern for oneself Cooperation Interdependence Appreciation for Diversity Assistance for Others Encourages multilateralism Concern for others Source Analysis: Linking to the Strands of Globalization NOTE!!! In each paragraph, you CANNOT repeat the strands of Globalization. Once you have used a strand… you may NEVER use it again!!!

22. Links to the strands of Globalization Anti-Globalization (Nationalism) Britain & the “White Man’s Burden”: Ethnocentrism Imperialism: Concern for Oneself Pro-Globalization (Internationalism) Trade: Interdependence Let’s Practice!

23. Let’s Practice! This time… with the person next to you!

24. The Minor Essay What explicit details do you see? Remember.. Describing it to someone who is blind…

25. The Minor Essay What explicit details do you see? Cartoon Man swimming and shark about to eat him Man’s shirt says “Human Rights” Shark is labeled, “Multinational Concern Profits” Shark is saying, “Yummy!”

26. The Minor Essay What implicit details do you see? Remember… looking for deeper meaning but not linking it to ideologies yet…

27. The Minor Essay What implicit details do you see? Remember… looking for deeper meaning but not linking it to ideologies yet… Tone: Worry / Fear

28. The Minor Essay Links to the Strands of Globalization How can you link to the strands of globalization? NEW STRAND FROM THE PREVIOUS EXAMPLE!!!

29. Globalization Nationalism (Anti-Globalization)Internationalism (Pro-Globalization) Competition Independence Patriotism Ultra-nationalism… Jingoism Ethnocentrism Concern for oneself Cooperation Interdependence Appreciation for Diversity Assistance for Others Encourages multilateralism Concern for others Source Analysis: Linking to the Strands of Globalization NOTE!!! In each paragraph, you CANNOT repeat the strands of Globalization. Once you have used a strand… you may NEVER use it again!!!

30. The Minor Essay Links to the Strands of Globalization Anti-Globalization (Nationalism) Ethnocentrism Multinationals: Competition Shark: Concern for oneself Pro-Globalization (Internationalism) Interdependence Human Rights: Assistance for Others

31. Let’s Practice! Now…. By yourself!

32. The Minor Essay Write a Minor Essay Analysis Paragraph on the source. Include all necessary information.

33. Final Paragraph  Purpose: To establish clear connections that explain one or more of the relationships that exist among all three sources  Importance: The paragraphs that analyze the source are scored out of 4. This final paragraph is scored out of 6… The Minor Essay Source Analysis Paragraph Relationships Paragraph

34. The Minor Essay Source Analysis Paragraph Relationships Paragraph MAIN FOCUS: Cause & Effect Relationship 2nd FOCUS: Broad Link of Economics

35. Cause & Effect Relationship  How the disadvantages of one ideology lead to the promotion of another ideology The Minor Essay: 4 th Paragraph Bad Features of Nationalism (i.e. Ultra-Nationalism) Good Features of Internationalism (i.e. Cooperation) Potentially Bad Features of Internationalism (i.e. Interdependence) Potentially Good Features of Nationalism (i.e. Competition)

36. Example Taken together, the three sources can be linked in a cause and effect relationship. The third source speaks about the benefits of globalization, which leads countries to embrace its features. This embrace is seen in the second source, where a local woman is selling multinational products alongside local products. While this relationship may prove to be advantageous, usually it ends with the multinationals taking over the local competition and monopolizing the local economy. In addition to this cause and effect link, the three sources can also be linked through economics. Economics is the production, distribution, and sale of goods and services. It is clear that economics is being stressed in the first source, with the discussion of outsourcing, a practice that promotes sending jobs elsewhere for economic benefit. Economics is also seen in Source Two, where the local woman is trying to sell the mixture of local and international goods. Finally, economics is seen in source three, where the multinational company, Wal-Mart, is “eating” up the local competition through its economic power. The Minor Essay: 4 th Paragraph