1. What is Biology? What is Life?

2. All this creates a Question:
What is
Life?

3. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.

4. Cells All living things are made of one or more cells.
A cell is the smallest unit capable of all life processes

5. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.

6. Homeostasis
All living organisms must maintain a stable internal environment in order to function properly.
The maintenance of a stable internal environment in spite of changes in the external environment is called homeostasis.

7. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.
Living things pass on their traits.

8. Heredity & Evolution
When an organism reproduces, it passes on its own traits to its offspring in a process called heredity.
Inherited characteristics change over generations. This process is called evolution

9. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.
Living things pass on their traits.
Living things perform chemical activities. This is known as metabolism.

10. Metabolism
Living organisms carry out different chemical reactions in order to obtain energy.
The sum of all the chemical reactions carried out in an organism is called metabolism.
Almost all of the energy used by living things originally comes from the sun.

11. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.
Living things pass on their traits.
Living things perform chemical activities. This is known as metabolism.
Living things grow and develop.

12. Growth and Development
All living organisms grow.
As organisms grow, many change. This process is called development.
Development differs from evolution because development refers to change in a single individual during that individual’s life.

13. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.
Living things pass on their traits.
Living things perform chemical activities. This is known as metabolism.
Living things grow and develop.
Living things respond to a stimulus.

14. Response to Stimuli
In addition to maintaining a stable internal environment, living organisms respond to their external environment.
Can you think of a way that you have responded to your environment
today?

15. Characteristics of Life
All life has seven characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things maintain their internal environment.
Living things pass on their traits.
Living things perform chemical activities. This is known as metabolism.
Living things grow and develop.
Living things respond to a stimulus.
Living things reproduce.

16. Reproduction
Most living things can reproduce. Reproduction is the process by which organisms make more of their own kind from one generation to the next.

17. The Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.

18. Cells Timeline
Robert Hooke (1665): studied cork; saw tiny, regular shaped “boxes”; called them cells.
Matthais Schleiden (1838)
All plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann (1839)
All animals are made of cells
Rudolf Virchow (1855)
Concluded all cells come from other cells
He thought the cells looked like prison rooms and the rooms priests were housed in the monestaries therefore called them cells.
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19. What is a VIRUS??
Is it ALIVE????

20. Viruses are 1/1000 to 1/10,000 the size of our cells.
Slide # 4
Viruses are 1/1000 to 1/10,000 the size of our cells.

21. What is a Virus? Classified as non-living: are not made up of cells
Slide # 5
What is a Virus?
Classified as non-living:
are not made up of cells
Cannot live independently
can not reproduce on their own
Does not require food/does not grow, develop or move

22. Viruses are Nonliving Viruses are parasites of cells.
Do not have all eight characteristics of living things so they are classified as nonliving.
Characteristics of Living Things
1.)Made up of cells
2.) Must reproduce
3.) Must be based on a universal genetic code
4.) Must grow and develop
5.) Must obtain and use materials and energy
6.) Must respond to their environment
7.) Must maintain a stable environment
8.) Must change over time

23. Viruses consist of: Nucleic acid: DNA or RNA (inner core)
Slide # 7
Viruses consist of:
Nucleic acid: DNA or RNA (inner core)
Protein Coat, called a Capsid
Bacteriophage virus
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Cold virus
Flu virus
Capsid