1. Alexander the Great
Chapter 5-3

2. Vocabulary Legacy—what a person leaves behind when he or she dies
Hellenistic Era—comes from the Greek word meaning “like the Greeks”. Refers to a time when the Greek language and Greek ideas spread to the non-Greek people of southwest Asia

3. Timeline 400 BC—Macedonia had become a powerful kingdom
359 BC—Philip II rose to power in Macedonia.—He admired everything about the Greeks (art, ideas, and armies)
338 BC—Battle of Chaeronea—crushed the Greek Allies

4. Timeline 336 BC—Alexander the Great rises to power
334 BC—Alexander invaded Asia Minor with 37,000 Macedonian troops and 5,000 mounted warriors
333 BC—Alexander freed the Greek cities in Asia Minor from Persian rule and defeated a large Persian army at Issus

5. Timeline
332 BC—captured Syria and Egypt. Then built the city of Alexandria (center of business and trade while becoming the most important cities in the ancient world)
331 BC—Alexander defeated the Persians at Gaugamela. Conquered the rest of the Persians after this battle
326 BC—Alexander crossed the Indus River and entered India. Fought many bloody and costly battles in India.

6. Timeline Soldiers began to rebel.
Marching across the desert in the middle of summer cost Alexander thousands of soldiers (died due to extreme heat)
323 BC—Alexander returned to Babylon, where he died of a high fever (maybe poisoned).
Died at the age of 32

7. Words to describe Alexander
Brave
Reckless
Fought alongside his men
Inspired
Legacy
Hellenistic Era (spread of Greek art, ideas, language, architecture)

8. Empire Falls Apart When Alexander died, he did not name a successor
Generals fought one another for power
Four Kingdoms
Macedonia
Egypt
Pergamum
Seleucid

9. Empire Falls APart
All government business of Hellenistic Kingdoms was conducted in Greek language
Only Asians and Egyptians who could speak Greek could apply for government jobs.
By this, Greeks managed to stay in control of governments

10. Hellenistic Culture
100 BC—Alexandria became the largest city in the Mediterranean world (Egypt)
Hellenistic Kings created new cities and military settlements
Greek architects, engineers, philosophers, artisans, and artists spread into southwest Asia
This provided new recruits for the army and apool of government officials and workers