1. APPLE FRUIT MOTH (ARGYRESTHIA CONJUGELLA) By: Rachel Yoo

2. Argyresthia conjugella  Naturally distributed in temperate climates  Depends on climatic factors and occurrence of primary host (ruwan tree)  Parasite: Braconid wasp  Wingspan: 10-14 mm

3. Life Cycle  Egg (June/July-July)  On fruit of rowan or apple  Larva (July-Aug/Sept)  In seeds of rowan or in apple fruits  Pupa (Aug/Sept-May/June)  On the ground beneath the tree  Adult (May/June-June/July)  Flying

4. Where?  North America (introduced from Europe in 1897)  New York- Mt. Marcy, Trenton Falls  California- Fieldbrook  Europe  Asia Minor/Central Asia/Japan  Siberia  Far East

5. Problem?  Strongly damages apples/Mountain Ash  Affected fruits show premature reddening, weak fruitage, and damaged fruit

6. How it attacks…  Larva makes tunnel into apple (search for seeds)  More than one larva can attack at once  Sometimes pupates in seed area  Apple rots in advance

7. Current Methods of Control  Autumn interrow treatment of ground to destroy pupae  Thinning of crowns  Insectide treatment

8. Bibliography  "Species Page - Argyresthia conjugella." Entomology Collection. Museums and Collections Services, n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2011..  "Pests: Argyresthia conjugella Zeller - Apple Fruit Miner." Interactive Agricultural Ecologival Atlas of Russia and Neighboring Countries. Project «Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atl, n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2011..  Furenhed, Sara. "Ground-living predators of the apple fruit moth Argyresthia conjugella (Zell.)." Sverges Lantbruks Universitat, n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2011..