1. Industrial Revolution In England

2. Long Range Causes  Agricultural Revolution  Population Increase  Strong stable governments

3. Immediate Causes  New Inventions  Large pool of workers  New Sources of Energy: Coal & Steam

4.  Access to raw materials & investment capital  Existence of Markets  Laissez-faire economy

6. Agricultural Revolution  Enclosure movement

7. Jethro Tull  Seed Drill

8. Charles Turnip Townshend Crop rotation

9. Inventions

10. Spinning Jenny  James Hargreaves

11. Flying Shuttle  John Kay  Moved more quickly across loom  Wider fabric more quickly

12. Power Loom  Edmund Cartwright  Ran on horse, water, steam

13. Cotton Gin  Eli Whitney  Cleaned cotton faster  Increase demand raw cotton

14. Steam Engine  James Watt  Power factories  Run continuously away from water

15. Coal Mining

16. Railroad  Richard Trevithick  Locomotive that ran on rails  National and global trade network

19. Internal-combustion Engine  Gottlieb Daimler  Gas powered boats & other vehicles  New forms of transportation— car & airplane

20. Telephone  Alexander Graham Bell  Electrical wires transmit voices over long distances  Instant communication

21. Lightbulb  Thomas Edison  Electric light  Bright, inexpensive, safe lighting

22. Immediate Effects  Rise of Factories  New Methods of Production  Changes in Transportation & Communication

23.  Urbanization: Rapid growth of cities

24.  Rise of Urban Working Class  Use of child labor

25. Long Range Effects  Growth of Labor Unions  Increased Pollution

26.  Inexpensive new products  Rise of Big Business  Expansion of Middle Class  Competition for World Trade

27.  Growth of Democracy  Rise of Socialism

28.  Realism in Literature & Art Charles Dickens Victor Hugo Leo Tolstoy