1. Far-Infrared Beamline at the Canadian Light Source Brant E. Billinghurst, Tim E. May 69 th International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy

2. Acknowledgements Tim May (Beamline, CSR) Sylvestre Twagirayezu (Supersonic Jet) Dominique Appadoo ( Beamline, CSR) Bob McKellar (Beamline) Jack Bergstrom (CSR) Ward Wurtz (CSR) Johannes Vogt (CSR) Paul Dumas (Horizontal Microscope) All of our great staff at the CLS All of the our wonderful users

3. Funding Partners 38 supporting University Partners and growing…

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5. What is a Synchrotron ?

6. The Canadian Light Source Third Generation Storage Ring Circumference: 171 m Operating Energy 2.9 GeV Maximum Current 250 mA Currently 15 operating Beamlines 3 Beamlines under construction Medical Isotope Production

7. Spectrometer BeamsplitterSpectral Range Mylar 6 µm30-630 cm -1 Mylar 75 µm12-35 cm -1 Ge/KBr400-4800 cm -1 CaF 2 1850-20000 cm -1 Detectors MCT N600-10000 cm -1 MCT B450-10000 cm -1 DTGS100-3000 cm -1 DTGS PE15-700 cm -1 Si Bolometer10-370 cm -1 Ge:Cu300-1850 cm -1 Internal Sources Globar10 – 13000 cm -1 Hg – Lamp10 – 1000 cm -1 Tungsten Lamp1000-25000 cm -1 Bruker IFS 125 HR Nominal Maximum Resolution: 0.00096 cm -1

8. Sample Environments 30 cm White Cell Ambient Temperature Paths up to 12 m 2 m White Cell Cooled (down to -80 °C) Paths up to 80 m

9. Sample Environments Under Development: Horizontal Microscope Numerical Aperture: ~0.5 F#: ~ 0.9 Working Distance: ~47 mm Open for Letters of intent Thanks to Paul Dumas for providing his design for these optics for us to base our design on.

10. Sample Environments Under Development: Glow Discharge Cell Currently being repaired Commissioning to be completed Please contact Beamline scientist

11. Sample Environments Under Development: Supersonic Jet

12. Oven Cell Max Temperature 1500 °C Pathlength 86 cm Single pass Flow capable

13. Why use a Synchrotron High Resolution Spectroscopy requires small Apertures. Generally this reduces the throughput Synchrotron light is very bright and therefore can be focused through a small aperture without reducing throughput. Therefore synchrotron radiation allows for us to have both high throughput and high resolution simultaneously

14. Signal 30-335 cm -1 Region

15. Signal to Noise 30-335 cm -1 Region

16. Signal 335-535 cm -1 Region

17. Performance 335-535 cm -1 Region

18. Signal 500-1000 cm -1 Region

19. S/N 500-1200 cm -1 Region

20. Example #1

21. Example #2 High resolution spectra of pyrrole, collected using the synchrotron (top) compared to the same using the Globar (bottom). Reproduced from Tokaryk D.W. and van Wijngaarden J.A. "Fourier transform spectra of the ν 16, 2ν 16,and 2ν 16 - ν 16 bands of pyrrole taken with synchrtron radiation" Can. J. Phys. 87 (2009) 443-448. © Canadian Science Publishing or its licensors

22. How to get beamtime Purchased Access: ~ $500.00 per hour Peer-Review: $ 1 + Tax per 8 hour Shift Call for proposals every 6 months –Next Call will open: July 29 th 2014 –Deadline: Sept 4 th 2014 Some Advice –Talk to the beamline scientist –Explain why Synchrotron Radiation helps your experiment –Ask for more time then you think you need –Don’t get discouraged if you do not receive beamtime with your first application

23. “Remote” Access Experiments can be run without the user coming to the CLS Experiment run by Beamline Staff Data is transferred to the user regularly so that adjustments can be made Some notes: –This is only available for stable molecules –Increase your beamtime request by 10% –You must speak with the Beamline Scientist before requesting this service

24. Talks by CLS Far-Infrared Beamline Users RJ. Large amplitude motions, internal rotation Thursday, 2014-06-19, 01:30 PM Medical Sciences Building 274 RJ01Contributed Talk15 min01:30 PM - 01:45 PM P434: SPECTRAL ASSIGNMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF THE GROUND STATE OF NITROMETHANE IN HIGH-RESOLUTION FTIR SYNCHROTRON SPECTRA SYLVESTRE TWAGIRAYEZU, BRANT E BILLINGHURST, TIM E MAY, EFD, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; MAHESH B. DAWADI, DAVID S. PERRY, Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA; RJ02Contributed Talk10 min01:47 PM - 01:57 PM P496: ASSIGNMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THE NO 2 IN-PLANE ROCK BAND OF NITROMETHANE RECORDED BY HIGH-RESOLUTION FTIR SYNCHROTRON SPECTROSCOPY MAHESH B. DAWADI, DAVID S. PERRY, Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA; SYLVESTRE TWAGIRAYEZU, BRANT E BILLINGHURST, EFD, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; RJ13Contributed Talk15 min04:59 PM - 05:14 PM P512: SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AND THE FAR-INFRARED AND MID-INFRARED SPECTRA OF NCNCS MANFRED WINNEWISSER, BRENDA P. WINNEWISSER, FRANK C. DE LUCIA, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; DENNIS TOKARYK, STEPHEN CARY ROSS, Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; BRANT E BILLINGHURST, EFD, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; RJ14Contributed Talk15 min05:16 PM - 05:31 PM P568: SPECTROSCOPY OF NCNCS AT THE CANADIAN LIGHT SOURCE: THE FAR-INFRARED SPECTRUM OF THE ν 7 REGION FROM 60-140 cm −1 DENNIS TOKARYK, STEPHEN CARY ROSS, Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; BRENDA P. WINNEWISSER, MANFRED WINNEWISSER, FRANK C. DE LUCIA, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; BRANT E BILLINGHURST, EFD, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; RJ15Contributed Talk15 min05:33 PM - 05:48 PM P165: FITTING THE HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPIC DATA FOR NCNCS ZBIGNIEW KISIEL, ON2, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; BRENDA P. WINNEWISSER, MANFRED WINNEWISSER, FRANK C. DE LUCIA, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; DENNIS TOKARYK, STEPHEN CARY ROSS, Department of Physics, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; BRANT E BILLINGHURST, EFD, Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; RJ09Contributed Talk15 min03:36 PM - 03:51 PM P433: ANALYSIS OF THE FAR IR SPECTRUM OF TRIMETHYLENE SULFIDE USING EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS JENNIFER VAN WIJNGAARDEN, DURELL DESMOND, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; W. LEO MEERTS, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands;

25. CSR advantage over SR

26. More Information www.lightsource.ca http://www.lightsource.ca/beamlines/farir.p hphttp://www.lightsource.ca/beamlines/farir.p hp http://exshare.lightsource.ca/farir/Pages/d efault.aspxhttp://exshare.lightsource.ca/farir/Pages/d efault.aspx Email: brant.Billinghurst@lightsource.cabrant.Billinghurst@lightsource.ca Phone: 1-306-657-3554

27. Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Normal Synchrotron Radiation Coherent Synchrotron Radiation

28. Bunch with N electrons undergoes acceleration a Random radiation phases (incoherent) 2a 2 Ne 2 3c 2 (Ne) 2 Coherent Radiation Phases P[coherent] P[incoherent] = N ≈ 10 6 - 10 10 Power =

29. Superradiance Pathlength difference (mm ) 1↔16 2↔17 … Fill Pattern: 60 cm

30. Superradiance Fill Pattern: 60 cm ~ 0.0167 cm -1

31. Theory or for a uniform fill pattern

32. Theory vs. Reality