1. Storyboard: Multimedia Presentation The iPad in K-12 Education Ashley Odom EDUC-8841-1/EDUC-7101-1 Diffusion and Integration of Technology in Education

2. Need What problem or need existed that gave rise to your innovation? “The tablet computer market had been extremely limited, due in part to the constraints of existing technology. In terms of hardware, the tablets were subject to short battery life, screen problems and damage, and the difficulty of cutting down the size of the machine itself. Tablets have historically had many software issues, from ergonomics to problems with relaying information via primitive touch-screens” (Free iPad, 2010, ¶ 2).

3. Research What research organization or people developed a solution to this problem or need? What were their findings? Who were the “lead thinkers” for this innovation, and how did they convince a manufacturer to produce it? Apple had created previous tablet computers (the Newton MessagePad 100 and the PenLite) Re-entered the mobile-computing market with the iPhone in 2007 when Steve Jobs realized his ideas would work on a mobile phone (Wikipedia, 2011, ¶ 5 & 7)

4. Development What problems did your innovation encounter in the development process? “Many critics claimed that the iPad would only be a bigger, less portable version of the iPhone, with less features, and to an extent this has been true” (Free iPad, 2010, ¶ 11). Who was the intended audience for your innovation? “People who have a PC and use 10% of its features and software 90% of the time. People like my Mom & Dad who browse the web, read news, send email and watch videos. People like my cousin Jenny who chats with friends, uses Facebook and uploads photos. Regular folks. Consumers. People who use computers to stay informed, connected and entertained” (Mike Rundle, 2010, ¶ 5).

5. Commercialization Describe the production, manufacturing, packaging, marketing, and distribution of your innovation. Assembled by Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., better known by its trade name Foxconn, in Shenzhen, China (Kane and Raice, 2011, ¶ 9) Marketing began at Apple’s launch event on January 27, 2010; promoted the innovation through commercials and through Apple’s company website

6. First iPad Ad Hits Screens During the 2010 Oscars The Oscars seems to be an important event for Apple… The “Hello” iPhone advert premiered during the 2007 Oscars awards. http://www.appletell.com/technologytell/article/first-ipad-advert-hits- screens-during-the-oscars/ http://www.appletell.com/technologytell/article/first-ipad-advert-hits- screens-during-the-oscars/

7. “Meet the iPad” – 1 st Advertisement

8. The iPad’s First Six Months - Timeline

9. Using the iPad in the Classroom

10. Innovators and Early Adopters Innovators Technology department within a school district Administrators Early Adopters Campus technologists Campuses with Apple labs Many innovators and early adopters are already Apple customers; advertising on a large scale (Academy Awards)

11. Laggards PC users Schools with little technology use Kindle, other E-Reader users Strategies to adopt: developed comfort using Apple products, hands on demonstrations, finding use of apps specific to one’s needs Attributes needed to adopt: Compatibility, Trialability and Observability

12. Decentralized Approach New ideas spread horizontally through peer networks Re-invention occurs at a high degree Adopters make many decisions and serve as their own change agents

13. Change Agents Key agents Administrators, technology curriculum department, campus technologists, tech-savvy classroom teachers Identifying a need for change will begin the process of finding methods to solve and meet those needs. As each of these needs are recognized, methods for how to remedy these needs and which tools should be used will produce an action that should be taken. This will often be done through the adoption of an innovation that will create the desired results.

14. Critical Mass “Apple’s iPad has introduced a critical mass and opened up the Tablet PC market for a rapid development of a user base, the underlying technology, and application opportunities” (Data Art, n.d., ¶ 1). Had sold over 4 million units by August 2010 Genius feature was speculated to have been introduced to create a critical mass as well. “Apple needed enough iPad users and applications in order for the Genius Recommendations for Apps algorithms to have enough data to provide useful customer recommendations” (Bill, 2010, ¶3).

15. References Free iPad. (2010, May 19). A brief history of Apple’s iPad. Retrieved on July 2, 2011 from http://www.freeipad.net/a-brief-history-of-apples-ipad/ http://www.freeipad.net/a-brief-history-of-apples-ipad/ Kane, Yukari I. & Raice, Shayndi. (2011, February 9). Apple’s new iPad in production. Retrieved on July 2, 2011 from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704364004576132643125168876.html Rundle, Mike. (2010). Flyosity: The iPad is for everyone but us. Retrieved on July 2, 2011 from http://flyosity.com/ipad/the-ipad-is-for-everyone-but-us.php http://flyosity.com/ipad/the-ipad-is-for-everyone-but-us.php IPad. (2011, July 1). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22:42, July 3, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IPad&oldid=437252237 http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IPad&oldid=437252237 Author Unknown. (n.d.) Mobile Solutions- iPad Application Development. Retrieved on July 31, 2011 from http://www.dataart.com/industry/mobile-solutions/iPad.htm http://www.dataart.com/industry/mobile-solutions/iPad.htm Bill. (2010, August 6). iPad Genius Feature Added to App Store. Retrieved on July 31, 2011 from http://www.padgadget.com/2010/08/06/ipad-genius-feature-added-to-app-store/