1. Drexel University Development of HCCI Technology at Drexel University Rodney Johnson Advisors: Dr. Miller and Dr. Cernansky Combustion Fuels and Fluids Meeting Drexel University College of Engineering 21 January 2004 Hess Research Lab

2. Drexel University Outline Motivation Objective Background Current Work Future Work Applications Hess Research Lab

3. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Overall Motivation Develop a means to reduce unwanted emissions that come from Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) And increase fuel economy Unburned Hydrocarbons Carbon Monoxide Nitrogen Oxides Particulates ( Soot )

4. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Objective Of My Research Program To develop a flexible engine facility capable of exploring new HCCI ICE operating modes Deliverables Operating Engine, Dynamometer, Test Stand with modern system configuration and data acquisition Verification of facility capabilities and limits Application of Facility to our current topic Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Studies

5. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Background - What is HCCI Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, or HCCI, is a relatively new combustion technology. It is a hybrid of the traditional spark ignition (SI) and the compression ignition process (such as a Diesel engine). Homogeneous Charge Compression-Ignition engines have the potential to provide dramatic increases in fuel efficiency over standard stoichiometric SI engines, while dramatically reducing NOx emissions.

6. Drexel University Hess Research Lab How does It Work No flame, combustion due to compression heating

7. Drexel University Hess Research Lab HCCI Advantages

8. Drexel University Hess Research Lab HCCI Advantages (cont) Compared to CI engine Produces lower PM emissions & NOx Passes future emission standards Allows Fuel Flexibility

9. HCCI Advantages (cont) Drexel University Hess Research Lab Compared to SI Engine Achieves higher efficiencies Produces lower PM emissions & NOx Allows fuel flexibility

10. Drexel University Hess Research Lab HCCI Disadvantages/Challenges Controlling Ignition Timing over a Range of Speeds and Loads Extending the Operating Range to High Loads Achieving Cold-Start Capability Reducing Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions at low loads

11. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Current Work- Engine Development HCCI Engine Facility Variable Compression Waukesha CFR Engine 20 hp General Electric DC motor Dynamometer Cooling system Air Intake System Exhaust System Data Acquisition Gas Analysis/Sampling 20 hp General Electric DC motor LabView Intake Assembly Exhaust Assembly Wakeshau CFR Engine

12. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Current Work- Engine Development Intake Chromalox Heater Exhaust Gas Recirculation Pressure transducer Turbulator

13. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Current Work- Engine Development Exhaust Thermocouple Pressure transducer Gas Sampling Port

14. Current Work- Waukesha CFR Engine This is a "Waukesha", CFR F-1 Research (ASTM D 2699) Variable Compression Single Cylinder Engine. Compression Adjustable 4:1 to 18:1 Cylinder Bore = 3.250" Stroke = 4.500" Displacement = 37.33 Cubic inches Year Built = 1942 Drexel University Hess Research Lab

15. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Current Work- Engine Development Engine Monitoring

16. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Future Work- Engine Operation Verification

17. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Future Work- Engine Operation Verification Operating Range Range of Equivalence ratios Unlike conventional engines, the ignition time of an HCCI engine and the subsequent heat release rate are not controlled. Lean and rich limits of fuel for stable operation

18. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Future Work- Engine Operation Verification- Combustion Parameters Heat release Vs CAD Offers the ability to vary various combustion parameters to observe changes in start of combustion in cylinder

19. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Future Work- Engine Operation Verification Emissions Offers the ability to vary various combustion parameters to observe changes in species concentration in engine exhaust.

20. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Applications

21. Drexel University Hess Research Lab Questions ???