1. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Working for a Living: Monitoring Labor Market Conditions

2. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-1 Unemployment Rate

3. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-2 Employment Status of the U.S. Noninstitutional Population 16 Years of Age or Older in September 2006

4. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit M3-1 Changes in Employment Household Survey versus Establishment Survey: January 1997 to January 2006 Sources: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Economic Data—FRED, http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/ UEMPMED?&cid=10 (accessed September 5, 2006); U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Historical Employment in the United States, http://www.bls.gov/ro3/fax_9586.pdf (accessed September 5, 2006).

5. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-3 Labor Force Participation Rate

6. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-4 Labor Force Participation Rates in Selected OECD Nations: 2004 Source: OECD, OECD Employment Outlook (Paris: Author, 2005), 238.

7. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-5 U.S. Labor Force Participation Rates: 1960–2005 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, http://www.bls.gov/webapps/legacy/cpsatab1.htm (accessed September 5, 2006).

8. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-6 Summary of Unemployment Types

9. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-7 Standardized Unemployment Rates in Selected OECD Nations: 2004 Source: OECD, OECD Employment Outlook (Paris: Author, 2005), 237.

10. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-8 The Employment Rate

11. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-9 U.S. Employment Rate: January 1960–August 2006 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, http://www.bls.gov/webapps/legacy/cpsatab7.htm (accessed September 5, 2006).

12. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-10 Employment-to-Population Ratios for People 15 to 64 Years of Age in Selected OECD Nations: 2004 *The data are for those 16 to 64 years of age. Source: OECD, OECD Employment Outlook (Paris: Author, 2005), 238, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/36/30/ 35024561.pdf (accessed February 1, 2006).

13. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-11 Calculation of Unemployment and Employment Rates

14. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-12 Effects on Unemployment Rate and Employment Rate if Two Million People Enter the Labor Force: One Million Find Jobs, and One million are Unemployed and Actively Seeking Work

15. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-13 Duration of Unemployment Sources: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Economic Data—FRED, http://research.stlouisfed.org/ fred2/series/UEMPMED?&cid=10 (accessed September 5, 2006); U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, http://www.bls.gov/cps/ (accessed September 5, 2006).

16. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit 3-14 Unemployment by Demographic Characteristic, August 2006 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, http://www.bls.gov/webapps/legacy/cpsatab2.htm (accessed February 1, 2006).

17. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Economic Information for Switzerland, 2001–2005

18. Copyright© 2008 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Exhibit A3-1 U.S. Unemployment Rate, January 1960–August 2006 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, http://www.bls.gov/webapps/legacy/cpsatab7.htm (accessed September 5, 2006).