1. Those Who Can, Teach 10th Edition Kevin Ryan and James M. Cooper Chapter 1 What Is a School and What is it For?

2. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.2 Education v. Schooling Education A process of human growth by which one gains greater understanding and control over oneself and one’s world. Schooling A specific, formal process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.

3. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.3 Four Basic Purposes of Schooling  Intellectual Purposes - “brainwork” and the development of reason  Political and Civic Purposes - training responsible, informed citizens  Economic Purposes - preparing future workers  Social Purposes - “adapt the child to the social milieu”

4. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 Models of Schools  Trainer of the Good Worker  Social Escalator  Preparer for College  Shopping Mall  Developer of Human Potential  Family  Social Panacea  Acculturator

5. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.5 Teachers’ Roles in Elementary Schools  Gatekeeper  Dispenser of Supplies  Granter of Special Privileges  Timekeeper

6. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.6 Students’ Experiences in Elementary Schools  Waiting  Denial of Desire  Interruption  Social Distraction

7. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.7 Life in High Schools  Remarkably similar across the country  Classroom instruction little changed singe 1890s  Schools expected to serve many purposes

8. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.8 The “Shopping Mall” High School  Emphasis on “consumer choice,” providing students a wide variety of classes  Varying levels of seriousness among student “customers”  Teachers offer “bargains” to keep the peace in class  “Specialty shops” provide attention to some students, but average students may be ignored

9. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.9 Call for High School Reform  Personalization - smaller schools and units within larger schools allow adults to get to know students  Coherence - closer links among subject departments and between teaching and testing  Time - year-round schooling, flexible days, measures of learnings instead of seat time  Technology - long-term plans and staff to coordinate technology

10. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.10 Characteristics of Effective Schools  High, “can do” expectations  Task-oriented faculty  High academic engaged time  Teachers effectively manage student behavior  Principal provides instructional leadership  Involved parents  Calm, safe, orderly, pleasant environment