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Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering,

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Presentation on theme: "Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering,"— Presentation transcript:

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2 Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering, Surface Area and Weathering, Mass Movement of Earthen Materials, Soil, Soil Color, Particle Size, Soil Porosity and Permeability, Soil Horizons, Soil Conservation, The Dust Bowl, Erosion, Deposition, Soil Conservation Measures, Glaciers, Types of Glaciers, Ice Ages, Causes of Ice Ages, Paleoecology, Glacial Landforms. Full Unit at… http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.htmlhttp://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

3 This PowerPoint is one small part of my Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, and Glaciers Unit. A Four Part 2,500+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question, answers, follow along worksheets, games, and much more. 12 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as well as answer keys. 11 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support professionals 3 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Keys Rubrics, videos, templates, materials list, First Day PowerPoint, guide, and much more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

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6 RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

7 -Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Ice Wedging Mechanical Weathering

8 RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

9 Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

10 Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow “Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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15 New Area of Focus: Soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

16 What is the connection between weathering and soil? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

17 Weathering is the process that will, overtime, Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

18 Weathering is the process that will, overtime, create soil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

19 Soil Science Available Sheet that follows slideshow.

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21 Activity! Defining Soil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

22 Activity! Defining Soil. –Please examine a sample of soil and record what you find in your journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

23 Activity! Defining Soil. –Please examine a sample of soil and record what you find in your journal. –Please work in a tray and keep your table clean. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

24 Fungal Filaments in the soil (Electron Microscope) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

25 Head of a Nematode (roundworms) Trillions are in the soil of your backyard.

26 Microscopic Soil Mite Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

27 All sorts of important micro-organisms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

28 All sorts of important micro-organisms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

29 All sorts of important micro-organisms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

30 All sorts of important micro-organisms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

31 Hummus: Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

32 Hummus: A Middle Eastern and Arabic food dip or spread made from cooked and mashed chickpeas blended with tahini, and olive oil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

33 Humus: Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

34 Humus: Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

35 Humus: The organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

36 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

37 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

38 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

39 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

40 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

41 Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Well written description of how important soil is… http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/livinglandscapes/soils/important.asp http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/livinglandscapes/soils/important.asp

42 Soil is Soil is - - - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

43 A mixture of weathered rock and decaying organic material. A mixture of weathered rock and decaying organic material. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

44 Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria… Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

45 Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria… Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

46 Dirt is… Dirt is… - - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

47 Mainly mineral based. Mainly mineral based. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

48 Pebbles and finely ground rock. Pebbles and finely ground rock. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

49 Dirt is generally dead, soil is living. Dirt is generally dead, soil is living. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

50 What does healthy soil look like? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

51 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health.

52 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3

53 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3 What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample?

54 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3 What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample?

55 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3 D? What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample?

56 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3 What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample?

57 Color is very important to a soil scientist. –Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and therefore its health. Hue: The specific color Value: the lightness or darkness of color Chroma the light intensity Written: Hue Value / Chroma 4 YR 6/3 What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample? Maybe D?

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64 If soil is black If soil is black Lots of organic matter (carbon). Lots of organic matter (carbon). May be poorly drained. May be poorly drained. Usually fertile. Usually fertile. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

65 If soil is black If soil is black Lots of organic matter (carbon). Lots of organic matter (carbon). May be poorly drained. May be poorly drained. Usually fertile. Usually fertile. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

66 If soil is black If soil is black Lots of organic matter (carbon). Lots of organic matter (carbon). May be poorly drained. May be poorly drained. Usually fertile. Usually fertile. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

67 If soil is black If soil is black Lots of organic matter (carbon). Lots of organic matter (carbon). May be poorly drained. May be poorly drained. Usually fertile. Usually fertile. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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71 If soil is brown If soil is brown Lots of sand and clay Lots of sand and clay Well drained Well drained Good soil Good soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

72 If soil is brown If soil is brown Lots of sand and clay Lots of sand and clay Well drained Well drained Good soil Good soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

73 If soil is brown If soil is brown Lots of sand and clay Lots of sand and clay Well drained Well drained Good soil Good soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

74 If soil is brown If soil is brown Lots of sand and clay Lots of sand and clay Well drained Well drained Good soil Good soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

75 If soil is brown If soil is brown Lots of sand and clay Lots of sand and clay Well drained Well drained Good soil Good soil Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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82 Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. High in salt. High in salt. Not as healthy. Not as healthy. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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90 Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. High in salt. High in salt. Not as healthy. Not as healthy. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

91 Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. High in salt. High in salt. Not as healthy. Not as healthy. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

92 Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. High in salt. High in salt. Not as healthy. Not as healthy. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

93 Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. Many compounds present, Iron, Manganese, Sulfur. High in salt. High in salt. Not as healthy. Not as healthy. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

94 Iron turns rust color when it mixes with oxygen (oxidation in Australia) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

95 Activity! Identifying soil based on color –Observe each sample. –Create a smear on journal. –Describe the color of the smear and make an inference into the health of the soil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

96 Activity: –Three students to stand in front of the boxes below. –One will move on, two will have to sit down. Who will survive? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

97 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

98 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

99 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

100 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

101 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

102 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

103 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

104 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

105 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

106 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

107 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

108 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

109 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

110 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

111 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

112 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

113 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

114 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

115 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

116 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

117 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

118 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

119 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

120 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

121 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C This square is empty. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

122 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C It was Actually full Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

123 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

124 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

125 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

126 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

127 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

128 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

129 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

130 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

131 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

132 Which soil sample below will grow plants the best? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

133 The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box. Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Student Needed New Student Needed

134 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

135 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

136 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

137 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

138 Which soil sample below will grow plants better? Sample A Sample B Sample C Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Learn more about soil color and much more at… http://soils.missouri.edu/tutorial/page7.asp http://soils.missouri.edu/tutorial/page7.asp

139 New Area of Focus: Particle Size The type of soil depends upon the size of it’s particles. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

140 New Area of Focus: Particle Size The type of soil depends upon the size of its particles. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

141 Why learn about particle size? Seriously! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

142 This large cobble would not be good to make a smooth road. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

143 This gravel is to coarse to build an earthen dam. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

144 The type of particles determine the type of sand paper. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

145 Coarse gravel and cobble are a much better material than clay for drainage. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

146 Which is a good particle size for a bunker at a golf course? Gravel or Sand Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

147 Which is a good particle size for a bunker at a golf course? Sand Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

148 The combinations of particle size can determine how well plants will grow in soil. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

149 Or increase traction on ice.

150 Understanding particle size is very important as we rely on earthen materials everyday. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

151 Soil Science Available Sheet that follows slideshow.

152 Full Page Needed

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159 Boulder 25+ cm

160 Cobble 6-25 cm

161 Boulder 25+ cm Cobble 6-25 cm

162 Boulder 25+ cm Cobble 6-25 cm

163 Boulder 25+ cm Cobble 6-25 cm

164 Boulder 25+ cm Cobble 6-25 cm

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168 Silt

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170 Silt Clay Dust

171 Boulder – Largest (Greater than 25 cm)Boulder – Largest (Greater than 25 cm) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

172 Cobble (6-25 cm)Cobble (6-25 cm)

173 Gravel (2cm-7.5cm)Gravel (2cm-7.5cm)

174 Which one has the larger particle size? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

175 Which one has the larger particle size? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

176 Which one has the larger particle size? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

177 Spectrum of gravel –Very Coarse Gravel larger than 1.25-2 inches (32-64mm). –Coarse Gravel 16-32 mm –Medium Gravel 8-16mm –Fine Gravel 4-8 mm –Very Fine Gravel 2-4mm Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

178 Coarse Sand (2mm)Coarse Sand (2mm) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

179 Sand (2mm -.125mm)Sand (2mm -.125mm) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

180 Fine SandFine Sand Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

181 Very Fine SandVery Fine Sand

182 Silt (.05 mm -.002mm)Silt (.05 mm -.002mm)

183 Clay (less than.002mm)Clay (less than.002mm)

184 Dust – (Into micrometers)Dust – (Into micrometers)

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187 Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering, Surface Area and Weathering, Mass Movement of Earthen Materials, Soil, Soil Color, Particle Size, Soil Porosity and Permeability, Soil Horizons, Soil Conservation, The Dust Bowl, Erosion, Deposition, Soil Conservation Measures, Glaciers, Types of Glaciers, Ice Ages, Causes of Ice Ages, Paleoecology, Glacial Landforms. Full Unit at… http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.htmlhttp://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

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191 This PowerPoint is one small part of my Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, and Glaciers Unit. A Four Part 2,500+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question, answers, follow along worksheets, games, and much more. 12 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as well as answer keys. 11 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support professionals 3 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Keys Rubrics, videos, templates, materials list, First Day PowerPoint, guide, and much more. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

192 Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum –These units take me about four years to complete with my students in grades 5-10. Earth Science UnitsExtended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html = Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult 5 th – 7 th grade 6 th – 8 th grade 8 th – 10 th grade

193 Physical Science UnitsExtended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods. html Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html Life Science UnitsExtended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

194 The entire four year curriculum can be found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thank you for your interest in this curriculum. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

195 Website Link: http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html


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