1. Bacteria: Classification and Structure

2. What are the 6 Kingdoms? Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

3. Bacteria are prokaryotes Pro – before Karyon – nucleus The simplest forms of life are prokaryotes. Earth’s first cells were prokaryotes.

4. Lots of Them! Prokaryotes are Earth’s most abundant life forms. They can survive in many environments. They can get energy from many different sources.

5. Prokaryote Review Mostly single-celled No nucleus or organelles Circular chromosomes Cell walls Reproduce mostly asexually Anaerobic or aerobic Heterotrophic or autotrophic

6. We are looking at the first two Archaebacteria Eubacteria

7. Classification of Bacteria Archaebacteria: extremists Eubacteria: –Heterotrophs –Photosynthetic autotrophs –Chemosynthetic autotrophs

8. Archaebacteria Methane producers – anaerobic Halophiles –Halo = salt –Philia = love Thermophiles –Thermo = heat

9. Archaebacteria Live in extreme locations: –Oxygen-free environments –Concentrated salt-water –Hot, acidic water

10. Eubacteria Parasitic heterotrophs (Streptococcus) Saprophages –Sapro = death –Phage = eat Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) –Photosynthetic Chemosynthetic autotrophs (Rhizobium)

11. Eubacteria - Heterotrophs Found everywhere Parasites: live off of other organisms Saprobes: live off of dead organisms or waste (recyclers)

12. Eubacteria: Photosynthetic Autotrophs Photosynthetic: make their own food from light Cyanobacteria: blue-green, yellow, or red ponds, streams, moist areas

13. Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic Autotrophs Get energy by breaking down inorganic substances like sulfur and nitrogen Make nitrogen in the air usable for plantsMake nitrogen in the air usable for plants {Very Important}

14. Structure of Bacteria Two parts to Bacteria Structure: –Arrangement –Shape

15. Arrangement Paired: diplo Grape-like clusters: staphylo Chains: strepto

16. Bacteria are Named by Shape Cocci (ball-shaped) –Streptococcus mutans Bacillus (rod-shaped) –Clostridium botulinum Spirilli (spiral-shaped) –Treponema palladium

17. Shape Rod: bacillus Spheres: coccus Spirals: spirillum

18. Examples Streptococcus: chains of spheres Staphylospirillum: Grapelike clusters of spirals Streptobacillus: Chains of rods

20. Germ Theory of Disease Joseph Lister – Aseptic Techniques Robert Koch – Germ Theory –A specific microorganism causes a specific disease