1. Recommendation: Play the game and attempt to answer the questions yourself without looking at the answers. You’ll learn much less if you just look at the question, then the answer, and go “Okay, that makes sense” (as opposed to actively attempting to think about a solution first).

2. Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin.

3. Click here for Final Jeopardy

4. Data Structures Jolly Java Crafty Coding 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points Typing & Hierarchy Ominous OCaml

5. Write in Java: let x: int ref = ref 1

6. int x = 1;

7. Write in Java: let y (x: int): int = x * x + 1

8. int y(int x) { return x * x + 1; }

9. Write in Java: type node = { val : int; mutable next : node option } let make_node (v:int) (n:node option) : node = { val = v; next = n}

10. class Node { private final int val; public int getVal() { return val; } public Node next; public Node(int v, Node n){ val = v; next = n; } }

11. Write in Java: type cs = { mutable cnt : int } let new_counter (): (unit -> unit * unit -> int) = let x: cs = { cnt = 0 } in (fun () -> x.cnt x.cnt)

12. public class Counter { private int cnt; public Counter() { cnt = 0; } public void increment() { cnt++; } public int get() { return cnt; } }

13. Write in Java: type Shape = Point of int * int | Line of int * int * int *int let draw (s:Shape) (gc: Graphics.t) = begin match s with Point (x,y) -> gc.drawPoint(x,y) | Line (x1,y1,x2,y2) -> gc.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2) end

14. interface Shape { public void draw(Graphics gc); } class Point implements Shape { int x; int y; public void draw(Graphics gc) { gc.drawPoint(x,y); } } class Line implements Shape { int x1; int y1; int x2; int y2; public void draw(Graphics gc) { gc.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2); } }

15. Give an example of data that can be modeled as ('a, 'b set) map

16. A classroom of students, each with a set of grades.

17. Give an example of data that can be modeled as List >

18. A bookshelf of phone books.

19. What is the main difference between OCaml and Java data structures?

20. Mutability.

21. What is one implementation strategy for the finite map ADT?

22. A set of key-value pairs, or a BST with no repeated elements and a key for each element.

23. What are two implementation strategies for the set ADT?

24. A list with no repeats, a BST with no repeats, or a map with dummy keys.

25. What are the static type and dynamic class of x in the following? Iterator x = new Scanner();

26. Static type: Iterator Dynamic type: Scanner

27. Name two major differences between interfaces and classes.

28. 1. A class can extend one class but interfaces may extend many interfaces. 2. An interface cannot contain implementation code; a class can.

29. What is dynamic dispatch? How does it work in the abstract machine model?

30. Dynamic dispatch: what code (e.g. method body) is executed depends on the dynamic class of the object. The dynamic class is stored in the heap as part of the object. Methods are stored in the class table, if the method is not in the object’s class, then the ASM looks in the superclasses.

31. List l = new LinkedList (); l.add(new A()); l.add(new B()); D d = l.get(0); Draw an inheritance tree for classes A, B, C, and D.

32. D C B A

33. List i = new ArrayList (); ArrayList j = new ArrayList (); List k; For each assignment, state whether valid. Assume they run independently. i = j; j = i; k = i; k = j;

34. i = j; // Okay j = i; // Bad k = i; // Bad k = j; // Bad

35. What is the superclass of all classes?

36. Object

37. What is overriding?

38. Overriding: redefining a method in a subclass (the redefined method must have the same type).

39. Describe a situation where you might define an inner class?

40. If you need two classes to share private state. For example, an event listener in a GUI needs to update the state of the application.

41. What is the value of x after executing the following code: int x = 0; try { x = 3; throw new IOExecption(); } catch (Exception e) { x = 4; }

42. 4

43. Name two different uses of the static keyword in Java; explain the effect on each kind of entity.

44. Methods: static methods belong to the class, and can be invoked without instances of the class e.g. Math.cos(80); Variables: static variables belong to the class, and are shared by all instances.

45. Complete the method: // Returns twice the number if odd, // else the number if even. int foo(int x);

46. int foo(int x) { if (x % 2 == 0) // even return x; else return x * 2; }

47. Design classes/interfaces for the situation: You are writing a Blackboard-alternative software for a class. The software has a dropbox for students to submit assignments (each assignment is either a text document, a code ZIP, or an image diagram). Assignments are identified by a numerical ID. The professor wants to be able to: - access all documents submitted for a given assignment, in the order they were submitted - assign a grade to each assignment

48. Sample, this has no fixed solution! interface Assignment { int getGrade(); void assignGrade(int x); File getFile(); } class Text extends Assignment … class Code extends Assignment… class Diagram extends Assignment… class DropBox { List getFilesForAssignment(int assignment_id); }

49. Complete the method: // Returns the number, // or 0 if not a numerical string. // You should use Integer.parseInt int getIntFrom(String s);

50. int getIntFrom(String s) { int x = 0; try { x = Integer.parseInt(s); } catch (NumberFormatEx..) { // Leave x = 0. } return 0; }

51. Complete the method: // Recursive method that returns // true if string is palindrome. boolean isPalindrome(String s);

52. boolean isPalindrome(String s) { if (s.length() <= 1) return true; if (s.charAt(0) == s.charAt(s.length()-1)) { String tmp = s.substring(1, s.length()-1); return isPalindrome(tmp); } else { return false; } }

53. Complete the method: // Reverse array in place. void reverseArray(Object[] o);

54. void reverseArray(Object[] o) { for (int i = 0; i < o.length/2; i++) { Object tmp = o[i]; o[i] = o[o.length-i-1]; o[o.length-i-1] = tmp; } }

55. Make your wager

56. What are the four steps of the design process to translate informal specifications into code?

57. 1. Understand the problem. 2. Formalize the interface. 3. Write test cases. 4. Implement required behavior.