1. Green Chemistry Milan Sanader Author, Nelson Chemistry

2. GREEN CHEMISTRY INVOLVES… Reducing or eliminating the use or production of hazardous substances in the manufacture of chemical products  Considering the hazards of reagents as well as their properties

3. A GREEN CHEMICAL PROCESS IS “benign by design”

4. Principles of Green Chemistry  Preventing pollution makes more sense that treating it  Less toxic reagents are safer  Use less solvents  Design for energy efficiency

5.  Use Renewable Feedstocks  Design Safer Chemicals  Use catalysis rather than stoichiometric reagents  Improve atom economy % of atoms in raw materials than make it into the final product

6.  Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses  Reduce Derivatives  Design for Degradation  Real-time analysis for Pollution Prevention

7. EXAMPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY Safer dry cleaning Replace chlorinated solvents like perchloroethylene (perc) with liquid carbon dioxide (CO 2 )

8.  Reduction in solvent from 1300 L/kg to 7 L/kg  Elimination of the solvent dichloromethane, CH 2 Cl 2 VIAGRA SYNTHESIS

9. IBUPROFEN SYNTHESIS Boot’s synthesis  6 steps  Atom economy: 40%  (40% of atoms in raw materials end up in product) BHC synthesis  3 steps  Catalysts  Atom economy >90%

10. Battery Recycling Tonolli Canada

12. Flash Smelting Features:  Smelting occurs in an enriched oxygen atmosphere  Exothermic reactions fuel the smelter

13. Flash Smelting  Reduced fuel consumption  Energy released fuels the reaction  High yield of sulfur oxides – enough to make the conversion to sulfuric acid economically feasible  Use of scrubbing is minimized or eliminated

14. Green Chemistry Is About... Waste Materials Hazard Environmental Impact COST Risk Energy

15. Some Aspects of Green Chemistry Catalysis Process Intensification Separation Processes Energy Efficiency Solvent Replacement Safer Reactions & Reagents Use of Renewable Feedstocks Waste Minimisation Green Chemistry

16. IN SUMMARY, GREEN CHEMISTRY IS… Based on proven chemistry Cost effective More sustainable =A “win-win” for business and the environment