1. ALEC 681: Seminar APA Style: Citation Order

2. Objectives Discuss basic rules for citation order for in- text and reference lists using APA standards Demonstrate APA standards for in-text citation order Demonstrate APA standards for order of citations in the reference list

3. Basic Rules References cited in text must appear in the reference list, and vice-versa, except for  Personal communications (in-text only)  Primary source (cited from a secondary source) in text only, not in reference list Spelling and years must match

4. APA In-text Citation Order Rules APA method (author’s surname, year) Same surname authors: APA 3.98, p. 211  Reference list with two primary authors with the same surname, must include first author’s initials in all text citations, even if publication year differs Ex. K. Dooley (2005) and L. Dooley (2004) found similar…

5. APA In-text Citation Order Two+ Works in Parentheses: APA 3.99, p. 212  Same author is ordered by year with suffixes Lindner (2003a, 2003b) found…  Same authors are ordered by year Past research (Lindner & Dooley, 2003, 2004) shows…  Multiple authors are alpha-ordered with semi- colon separators Several studies (Dooley & Lindner, 2005; Lindner, 2003a; Lindner & Dooley, 2003, 2004) illustrate…

6. APA In-text Citation Order Two+ Works in Parentheses: APA 3.99, p. 212  Multiple authors are alpha-ordered with semi- colon separators Several studies (Dooley & Lindner, 2005; Lindner, 2003a; Lindner & Dooley, 2003, 2004) illustrate the importance…  Exception to rule above: Can separate major citation from others with a phrase, such as “see also,” but the “s” in see counts for order (Lindner, 2003a; see also Briers, 2000; Wingenbach, 2001)

7. APA Reference List Citation Order Rules Reference List Order: APA 4.04, p. 219  Alphabetize letter by letter Nothing precedes something Brown, J. R., precedes Browning, A. R.  Alphabetize prefixes: M’, Mc, and Mac literally MacArthur precedes McAllister MacNeil precedes M’Carthy  Alphabetize surnames with articles/prepositions (de, la, von, etc.); treat prefix as part of surname DeBase precedes De Vries  Alphabetize entries with numerals as if spelled out

8. APA Reference List Citation Order Rules Reference List Order: APA 4.04, p. 219  One-author entries are arranged by year  One-author precedes same primary with multiple- author entries Wingenbach, G. (2001). Wingenbach, G., & Rutherford, T. (2007).  Same primary with multiples are arranged by second/third author’s surname Wingenbach, G., & Rutherford, T. (2007). Wingenbach, G., Rutherford, T., & Dunsford, D. (2003). Wingenbach, G., Rutherford, T., & Murphy, T. (2004).

9. APA Reference List Citation Order Rules Reference List Order: APA 4.04, p. 219  Same authors in same order are arranged by year of publication Wingenbach, G., Rutherford, T., & Dunsford, D. (2002). Wingenbach, G., Rutherford, T., & Dunsford, D. (2003).  Same surname, multiple authors, use initials Dooley, K., & Dooley, L. (2003). Dooley, L., & Dooley, K. (2002).  Anonymous is treated as a true name

10. APA Reference List Citation Order General Forms: APA 4.07, p. 223  Periodicals (published on regular basis) Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Article title. Title of Periodical, xx, xx-xx.  Nonperiodicals (published separately) Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Location: Publisher.  Part of a Nonperiodical Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher.

11. APA Reference List Citation Order General Forms: APA 4.07, p. 223  Online Periodical Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (2000). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xx-xx. Retrieved month day, year, from URL (no period after URL)  Online Document Author, A. A. (2000). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from URL (no period after URL)

12. APA Reference List Citation Order Authors: APA 4.08, p. 224  Invert all authors’ names; surnames and initials for up to and including six authors; seventh author is et al.  If author’s name is hyphenated, retain hyphen  Use commas to separate authors’ surnames and initials, and initials and suffixes (e.g., Jr. and III)

13. APA Reference List Citation Order Authors: APA 4.08, p. 224  Use ampersand (&) between two, or before last author in multiple-author listing  Spell out group author names (e.g., National Science Foundation)  In an edited book, place author’s names in author position and close with abbreviation (Ed.) or (Eds.) after last editor’s name

14. APA Reference List Citation Order Publication Dates: APA 4.09, p. 225  Include in parentheses for year the work was copyrighted (published); unpublished works should include year the work was produced  Magazines, newsletters, and newspapers require exact date of publication  Use (in press) for articles that are accepted but not yet published  Papers and posters presented at meetings require (year, month) citation  No date publications, use (n.d.)

15. APA Reference List Citation Order Publication Dates: APA 4.09, p. 225  Examples: Author, A. (2007). [print/online journals, reports, and books] Author, A. (2007, November). [meetings; monthly magazines, newsletters, and newspapers] Author, A. (2007, November 2). [dailies and weeklies] Author, A. (in press). [any work accepted, but not yet published] Author, A. (n.d.). [work with no date available]

16. Reference List Examples: Articles Scholarly journal article paginated by volume: Mellers, B. A. (2000). Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 910-924. Scholarly journal article paginated by issue: Wingenbach, G., & Rutherford, T. (2007). State FFA officers’ confidence and trustworthiness of biotechnology information sources. Journal of Agricultural Education, 48(4), 43-54.

17. Reference List Examples: Articles Article in press, but not yet published: Harder, A., Wingenbach, G., & Rosser, A. (in press). Developing international research partnerships. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education. Article in progress, but not yet in press: Kessell, J., & Wingenbach, G. (2007). Student teachers’ knowledge of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Manuscript submitted for publication.

18. Reference List Examples: Meetings Published proceedings: Harder, A., Wingenbach, G., & Rosser, A. (2007). Going global: Developing research partnerships between Texas A&M University and the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Mexico. In M. Navarro (Ed.), Internationalizing with Cultural Leadership: Vol. 23. Proceedings of the Association for International Agricultural and Extension Education (pp. 154-160). Polson, MT. Proceedings published regularly: Vestal, T. A., Dainello, F., Wingenbach, G., & Laminack, J. (2005). Experiential education employed to demystify food irradiation as a viable technology for food industry professionals [Abstract]. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 40(4), 1133.

19. Reference List Examples: Meetings Unpublished paper presented at a meeting: Kessell, J., & Wingenbach, G. (2007, January). What do agricultural education student teachers know about the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act? Paper presented at the 5th annual Hawaii International Conference on Education, Honolulu, HI. Poster session: Wolfskill, L., & Wingenbach, G. (2007, May). Experiential education across borders: Perceived barriers to participation. Poster session presented at the 23rd annual conference of the Association for International Agricultural and Extension Education, Polson, MT.

20. Reference List Examples: Books Book by multiple authors: Buford, J. A., Jr., & Lindner, J. R. (2002). Human resource management in local government: Concepts and applications for HRM students and practitioners. Cincinnati: South-Western. Edited book, second edition: Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2000). Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

21. Reference List Examples: Online Internet articles based on a print source: Roberts, T. G., Harlin, J., & Ricketts, J. (2006). A longitudinal examination of teaching efficacy of agricultural science student teachers [Electronic version]. Journal of Agricultural Education, 47(2), 81-92. Article in an Internet-only journal: Mayfield, C., Wingenbach, G., & Chalmers, D. (2006). Using CD-based materials to teach turfgrass management. Journal of Extension, 44(2), Article 2FEA5. Retrieved April 28, 2006, from http://www.joe.org/joe/2006april/a5.shtml

22. That’s enough for today! Do you have questions?