1. Bio212 Laboratory 4 Blood Pressure Heart Sounds Exercise Physiology

2. Objectives for Today’s Lab
Become familiar with determining pulse rate
Become familiar with taking a blood pressure reading and with using a sphygmomanometer
Identify the heart sounds (lubb-dupp)
Correlate the effects of sitting, standing, and exercising on pulse and blood pressure

3. Location of Pressure Points
Temporal artery
Facial artery
External Carotid artery
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Pulse =
# beats/30 sec X 2
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Posterior tibial artery
Dorsalis pedis artery

4. Pulse in Lab Today
Use the radial artery of your partner, and use your index finger
Note the characteristics of the pulse
Regular, irregular
Strong, weak
Count number of pulses in 30 sec. and multiply by 2 to get the pulse rate
Do this sitting down, standing up, and after exercise

5. Heart Sounds Lubb (S1) first heart sound
occurs during ventricular contraction
A-V valves closing
Dupp (S2)
second heart sound
occurs during ventricular relaxation
semilunar valves closing ♥

6. Heart Sounds
Listening to the heart (auscultation) is done using a stethoscope
Because sounds must pass through several layers of tissue, sounds are not heard directly above their point of origin
S1 = “Lubb” (1 looks like l)
S2 = “Dupp” (2 curved like D)

7. Heart Sounds
Auscultate over the left sternal border about the level of the 3rd or 4th rib
Find the point where you can hear the sounds the best, and use that
Remember: lubb-dupp <pause> lubb-dupp <pause> …

8. Auscultory Method of Determining Blood Pressure
Use an average bp from two different readings from both arms.
Do this standing up, sitting down, and after exercise
Korotkoff sounds…

9. Class Summary Table for Pulse and BP
Sitting
Standing
After Exercise
Initials
Pulse (bpm)
Systolic (mm Hg)
Diastolic (mm Hg)
MAP1,1,2 (mm Hg)
MAP1,2 (mm Hg)
Average >
1 Pulse Pressure = Systolic BP – Diastolic BP
2 Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) calculated as: Diastolic pressure + (Pulse pressure ÷ 3)
At home, calculate averages for all resting and post-exercise values and then DISCUSS WHAT THE VALUES MEAN and WHY they are what they are. Be sure to check your classmates’ calculations of MAP; they may be incorrect.

10. What you should do in lab today…
Complete Part A of your Laboratory Report 41 (from Hole’s Lab Manual - handed out) before continuing
Review Chapter 17 of your textbook if necessary
Complete Parts B and C of the Laboratory Report 41
Listen to heart sounds (after inhaling deeply; after exercise)
Pulses (sitting, standing, after exercise)
Blood pressure (sitting, standing, after exercise)
DO NOT DO THE EXERCISE PART IF YOU HAVE ANY MEDICAL PROBLEMS!!
Complete the Critical Thinking Application of your Laboratory Report and hand in (one report from each person)
Together