1. Conflict Resolution

2. Key Terms  Codified Laws  Set of explicit, usually written, rules stipulating what is permissible and what is not.  Crime  Violence between individuals.  Warfare  Violence between communities, districts, or nations.  Warlike sports, severe punishments, high murder rate, feuding, and family violence.

3. Activity  Get in groups of 5.  Read about your assigned peaceful resolution in the textbook and create a scenario that demonstrates the use of that peaceful resolution.

4. Peaceful Resolutions  Avoidance  Voluntarily avoid each other.  More feasible in small societies.  Community Action  Action taken by a group.  Failure to follow the group leads to expulsion.  Rise to the groups livelihood

5. Peaceful Resolutions  Negotiation and Mediation  Settlement between parties.  Settlement between parties with outside help.  Doesn’t force the settlement.  Ritual Reconciliation and Apology  Ceremonial apology.  Accept fault.

6. Peaceful Resolution  Oaths and Ordeals  Oath  Bear witness to the truth of what one says.  Ordeal  Means to determine guilt.  Adjudication, Courts, and Codified Laws  Third party acting as a judges makes a decision.  Easier in hierarchical societies.

7. Violent Resolutions  Individual Violence  Violent behavior used to try to control behavior.  Feuding  Recurring hostilities between families or groups of kin.  Responsibility to avenge.

8. Violent Resolutions  Raiding  Short-term use of force to realize a limited objective.  Large-Scale Confrontations  Involves a large number of persons and planning by both sides.

9. Warfare  Preindustrial societies go to war out of fear.  Damage to food supply.  Alliances increase the possibility of warfare.