1. 35 Examples from Mali, the DR Congo and Pakistan Cash Transfer Programming in Insecure Environments

2. 44 countries Mali Democratic Republic of Congo Pakistan

3. Assessments and Analyses Needs Assessment Market Assessment Security Analysis Governance and Social Dynamics Analysis

4. Delivery Mechanisms E-transfers/ e-vouchers Smart cards (debit, credit, ATM, SQuid, etc.) Direct cash delivery Cheques Third party delivery (hawala, remittance offices, MFIs, etc.)

5. MALI Cash Vouchers Context: 2012 -2013 emergency food needs – political instability Targeted: 2,315 HHs (1 st round) 1,312 HH (2 nd round) Size and frequency: USD $70/month x 3 mos. (1 st round) USD $90/month x 2 mos. (2 nd round)

6. MALI Cash Vouchers Challenges: –Basic infrastructure –Sharia law for first six months –New conflict Jan 2013 as Malian and French militaries took control of N. Mali Outcomes: –100% bought food –100% bought hygiene items –10% bought animal feed

7. Lessons Learned from Mali

8. From Haiti to Nepal Electronic Voucher Assistance Program (ELEVATE)

9. DR of CONGO Electronic Cash Vouchers Context: Long-term conflict, 2013 recent fighting and displacement, basic needs Targeted: 2,000 HHs total (377 HHs first fair) Size and frequency: USD $80/one-time

10. DR of CONGO Electronic Cash Vouchers Challenges: –Basic infrastructure –Displacement –Distance between beneficiaries and markets –No functioning financial institutions in the area making moving money difficult –No widespread public communications systems

11. Lessons Learned from DR of Congo

12. PAKISTAN Cash for Work Context: 2010 massive flooding Targeted: 27,085 HHs –19,917 two rounds of CFW –7,168 one round of CFW Size and frequency: –Two rounds of CFW –Cash Working Group set wages –$74 per 21 days of work

13. PAKISTAN Cash for Work Challenges: –Basic infrastructure (roads, network) –Tools –Insecurity –Culturally-appropriate work for women Outcomes: Cash used for… –Food and debt repayment –Housing rehabilitation –Healthcare

14. Lessons Learned from Pakistan

15. Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments Assessments are critical Beneficiary Selection Challenges – Transparency, neutrality – Community Complaint Mechanism is important Vendor Selection Challenges – Door-to-door, community meeting, public posting – Transparency important for security – In crises, vendors may also be considered beneficiaries

16. Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments Delivery Mechanism Selection – Delivery mechanism tailored to local context – Time and cost (faster and safer, possibly more expensive) Project monitoring – Project monitoring more difficult in insecure contexts – Community complaint mechanisms are important – Diverse staffing is essential

17. THANK YOU