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Published byPrudence Townsend Modified over 9 years ago
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The Carbon Cycle
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Carbon Dioxide and Carbonate system Why is it important? 1. CO 2 regulates temperature of the planet 2. Important for life in the ocean 3. Regulates the pH of water
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100 ppm
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TEMPERATURE CO 2 1-6°C
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CO 2 Temperature 80 ppm Glacial-interglacial CO 2 and temperature change
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CO 2 changes in the last 300 yr 100 ppm Industrial Revolution
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CO 2 changes in the last 50 yr: the Keeling curve Oceans Biosphere Rock Weathering
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How much CO 2 can you sink in the ocean? Process that control CO 2 absorption in the ocean Chemical Biological Physical Carbon Cycle
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CO 2 O2O2 pH acidbasic
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Dissolved Gases in the Ocean Oxygen profile
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CO 2 O2O2 pH
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The Carbonate System from dissolution of Calcium Carbonate from dissolved CO 2 gas sources of inorganic carbon
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CO 2 in the ocean
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Total dissolved inorganic carbon this is very small not found in this form Total dissolved inorganic carbon
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Total dissolved inorganic carbon formation and decomposition of organic matter (1) from dissolution of Calcium Carbonate (2)
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Carbonic Acid Bicarbonate Ion Carbon Dioxide and Carbonate system Carbonate
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Distribution of Carbon species in water + -
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CO 2 changes in the last 50 yr Oceans Biosphere Rock Weathering
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What control the absorption of Carbon Dioxide in the ocean? How can we measure it? The carbonate system chemistry in seawater The concept of alkalinity, pH …
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Strong base cations Strong acid anions Alkalinity: is the net molar concentration, in charge- equivalents, of the cations of strong bases in excess of the anions of strong acids Def:
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Strong base cations What happens to this balance? Strong acid anions
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Total dissolved inorganic carbon Calcium Carbonate dissolution and formation (2) +alkalinity -alkalinity Total dissolved inorganic carbon
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Alkalinity can be measured by titration
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What happens if I add or remove CO2 by photosynthesis and respiration?
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Carbonic Acid Bicarbonate Ion Carbon Dioxide and Carbonate system Carbonate
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Total dissolved inorganic carbon Calcium Carbonate dissolution and formation (2) +alkalinity -alkalinity formation and decomposition of organic matter (1) +acid - acid
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Carbon Cycle
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Ocean acidification: What corals are dying to tell us slides from Ken Caldeira
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A cautionary tale from 65Ma: the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction -huge comet blasts Yucatan -releases S into atmosphere -acid rain falls on ocean for 1-2 years -ALL surface calcifiers die for 2 million years!
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We are changing CO2 rates faster than the geologic past
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CO 3 2- is becoming a rare commodity
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The surface ocean changes will lead deep ocean changes
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Corals are being pushed out of their preferred saturation state
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…and they are the most sensitive to changes in saturation state
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