2. Gender earnings ratio/gap 2002 weekly earnings ratio: =.77 “women earn 77% as much as men” “women earn 77 cents to men’s dollar” 2002 weekly earnings gap =.23 “gender wage gap of 23 cents”

3. note 1980-95 increase in ratio relative skill increases for women stagnates after 1995

4. why a gap in earnings? different skills between men and women? by choice or constraint? different return to the same skills? labor market discrimination

5. Earnings ratio varies by race by age by family status by education occupation

7. age cohorts each generation is faring better in the labor market BUT women lose ground in their 20s and 30s

8. Gender gap or motherhood gap?

11. Occupational Segregation the extent to which there are “men’s jobs” and “women’s jobs” in general, occupational segregation has fallen since 1970 in the U.S.

13. Earnings ratio & occupation