1. Matter Objectives (A) compare solids, liquids, and gases in terms of compressibility, structure, shape, and volume (B) differentiate between physical and chemical changes and properties (C) identify extensive and intensive properties (D) classify matter as pure substances or mixtures through investigation of their properties.

2. What is Matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space Examples: Water, Person, Building, Cup, Air

3. 3 States of Matter 1. Solids Definite volume and shape Rigid Structure due to closely packed particles 2. Liquids Definite volume but indefinite shape Particles move because they are less closely packed Expand to fit containers 3. Gas No definite volume or shape Particles move fast because they are very loosely packed Expand to fill space and exert pressure

4. Change in the state of matter Solid Liquid Melting Freezing Condensing Boiling Sublimation Desublimation Gas

5. Matter has properties Properties: The unique character or way matter reacts Two types of properties: PHYSICALCHEMICAL

6. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - Characteristics that make up the physical composition of the sample -Can be seen without changing the substance Examples: color, density, melting point, boiling point

7. INTENSIVE vs. EXTENSIVE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES -Physical properties can be separated into two categories: EXTENSIVE Depend on the amount of matter present Examples: Volume, Mass INTENSIVE Independent from the amount of matter present Examples: Color, Boiling Point, Texture, Conductivity, Density

8. PHYSICAL CHANGES EXAMPLES MELTING FREEZING CONDENSING BOILING SUBLIMATION DESUBLIMATION

9. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES -Characteristics of matter when it is mixed with another type of matter -Behavior of matter when it is mixed with something else Examples: reactivity, flammability, toxicity

10. CHEMICAL CHANGES EXAMPLES BURNING (matter mixed with oxygen) RUSTING (iron mixing with oxygen and water) COOKING/BAKING

12. Types of Matter Mixtures: (can be separated) A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which keep their own identity and properties Examples: sugar water, blood Pure Substances: (can’t be separated) Every sample of the substance has the same composition and characteristics Examples: gold, water

13. Types of Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures: Uniform throughout, called solutions Examples: air, sugar water Heterogeneous mixtures: NOT uniform throughout Examples: blood, wood

14. Types of Pure Substances Elements: ( Can’t be broken down into simpler substances ) Made up of only one kind of atom Examples: Gold, Carbon Compounds: (Can be be broken down into simpler substances) Two or more elements that are chemically bonded Examples: water, sucrose