1. The Bureaucracy The Real Power?

2. Objectives Know the organizational structure of the Bureaucracy. Know how the bureaucracy is important in implementing policy.

3. Bureaucracy A professional corps of officials organized in a pyramidal hierarchy and functioning under impersonal, uniform rules and procedures.

4. Purpose of the Bureaucracy Implementation of policy –Refine details of policy initiatives –Develop guidelines and regulations Administer Programs –Manage the day to day operations –Enforce Policies –Manage the disbursement of funds –Hire and manage personnel at lower levels

5. Types of Bureaucratic Organizations Department –Bureau Government Corporation Independent Agency Independent Regulatory Board

6. Executive Office of the President

7. Bureaucratic Hierarchy

8. Expansion of the Bureaucracy Causes –Creation of new program –Expansion of existing ones Consequences –Multiple levels or responsibility –Difficulties in communication between agencies –Massive increase accounting procedures and paperwork

9. The Cabinet Secretary of State Secretary of Treasury Secretary of Defense Attorney General Secretary of Interior Secretary of Agriculture Secretary of Commerce Secretary of Labor Secretary of Health and Human Services Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Secretary of Transportation Secretary of Energy Secretary of Education Secretary of Veteran Affairs Vice-President Chief of Staff Director of the office of Budget and Management U.S. Trade Representative Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy Director of Homeland Security Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency

10. Government Corporation Cross between a business corporation and a government agency, created to secure greater freedom of action and flexibility for a particular program.

11. Bureau The largest subunit of a government department of agency.

12. Independent Agency A government entity that is independent of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

13. Independent Regulatory Board An independent agency with regulatory power whose independence is protected by Congress.

14. Privatization The contracting out to the private sector of services that are usually provided by government.