1. Italian Renaissance

2. Renaissance “rebirth” cultural awakening in Europe started in Italy about 1350 – 1600 “rebirth” cultural awakening in Europe started in Italy about 1350 – 1600

3. Why Italy? center of trade routes attachment to classical (Roman) traditions prosperous city-states Florence, Venice, Rome center of trade routes attachment to classical (Roman) traditions prosperous city-states Florence, Venice, Rome

4. Causes Crusades – increased trade for new eastern products – encouraged use of credit/banking – stimulated production of Western goods to trade Banking: – bankers charging interest – letters of credit to expand the money supply – new accounting/bookkeeping practices (using Arabic numerals) – church rules against using/charging interest (usury) = more secularism in northern Italy Crusades – increased trade for new eastern products – encouraged use of credit/banking – stimulated production of Western goods to trade Banking: – bankers charging interest – letters of credit to expand the money supply – new accounting/bookkeeping practices (using Arabic numerals) – church rules against using/charging interest (usury) = more secularism in northern Italy

5. Causes The rise of wealthy patrons such as the Medici family of Florence (1434 to 1737 CE/AD) who supported and sponsored the works of art literature and music http://www.pbs.org/empires/medici/m edici/index.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/empires/medici/m edici/index.html

6. New Ideas individualism – emphasis on person as individual rather than part of a group humanism – focus on worldly themes instead of religious individualism – emphasis on person as individual rather than part of a group humanism – focus on worldly themes instead of religious

7. Key People Niccolo Machiavelli Leonardo da Vinci Michelangelo Petrarch Niccolo Machiavelli Leonardo da Vinci Michelangelo Petrarch

8. Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince – handbook for princes on ruling supported absolute power end justifies the means try to do good, evil if needed wrote The Prince – handbook for princes on ruling supported absolute power end justifies the means try to do good, evil if needed

9. Medieval VS Renaissance Medieval ArtRenaissance Art  Focus on religious (Christian) themes; art was a way to salvation for the artist  Flat perspective and disproportionate size  Gothic art lays the foundation for Humanism  Religious themes are incorporated into a focus on individuals, secular/worldly manners and realism (Humanism)  Use of 3D perspective and vivid colors

10. Leonardo da Vinci artist, scientist, inventor painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper “Renaissance man” artist, scientist, inventor painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper “Renaissance man”

11. Mona Lisa

12. The Last Supper

13. Michelangelo artist – painter and sculptor painted ceiling of the Sistine Chapel sculpted David artist – painter and sculptor painted ceiling of the Sistine Chapel sculpted David

14. Sistine Chapel

16. David

17. Petrarch poet and scholar love sonnets inspired poetry in Romeo and Juliet humanist writings poet and scholar love sonnets inspired poetry in Romeo and Juliet humanist writings

18. Soleasi Nel Mio Cor She ruled in beauty o'er this heart of mine, A noble lady in a humble home, And now her time for heavenly bliss has come, 'Tis I am mortal proved, and she divine. The soul that all its blessings must resign, And love whose light no more on earth finds room, Might rend the rocks with pity for their doom, Yet none their sorrows can in words enshrine; She ruled in beauty o'er this heart of mine, A noble lady in a humble home, And now her time for heavenly bliss has come, 'Tis I am mortal proved, and she divine. The soul that all its blessings must resign, And love whose light no more on earth finds room, Might rend the rocks with pity for their doom, Yet none their sorrows can in words enshrine; They weep within my heart; and ears are deaf Save mine alone, and I am crushed with care, And naught remains to me save mournful breath. Assuredly but dust and shade we are, Assuredly desire is blind and brief, Assuredly its hope but ends in death. Translated by Thomas Wentworth Higginson.Thomas Wentworth Higginson

19. Northern Renaissance

20. Growing wealth in Northern Europe Mixed humanism and Christianity Reasons it was late getting there: –Lack of economic growth, Black Death, Hundred Years War

21. The Printi ng Press Invented by Johannes Gutenberg Bible – first book printed Helped spread the Renaissance ideas Invented by Johannes Gutenberg Bible – first book printed Helped spread the Renaissance ideas

22. Artists – Northern Renaissance Durer –“Leonardo of the north” Van Eyck Rembrandt Durer –“Leonardo of the north” Van Eyck Rembrandt

23. Northern Humanists Northern humanists were more religious Sir Thomas More: Utopia –Create a better world, –Book is about an ideal, peaceful society Erasmus: The Praise of Folly –Mocks blind traditions of Church –He wanted the bible translated into everyday languages. –He still valued religion Northern humanists were more religious Sir Thomas More: Utopia –Create a better world, –Book is about an ideal, peaceful society Erasmus: The Praise of Folly –Mocks blind traditions of Church –He wanted the bible translated into everyday languages. –He still valued religion

24. Northern Literature Shakespeare –Poet and playwright –Romeo and Juliet (influenced by sonnets of Petrarch) –Hamlet, Macbeth, A Mid Summer Night’s Dream, etc. Shakespeare –Poet and playwright –Romeo and Juliet (influenced by sonnets of Petrarch) –Hamlet, Macbeth, A Mid Summer Night’s Dream, etc.

25. Beautiful Florence, where it all started The End!