2.  Touch screens emerged in the second half of the 1960’s  Dr. Samuel C. Hurst invented the touch screen in 1971.touch screen  First gained visibility in 1972; PLATO project  Multi-touch technology. Multi-touch

3.  Top polyester layer coated with a transparent metallic conductive coating on the bottom  Adhesive spacer  Glass layer coated with a transparent metallic conductive coating on the top  Adhesive layer on the backside of the glass for mounting

4.  Voltage is applied to each corner  Electrodes are spread uniformly across the field.  Touch finger draws current from each side proportionally  Controller calculates position of the finger from the current

5. Canova Dual Touch screen Laptop from V12 Design New XM touch screen display featured in 2009 Hyundai Sonata Iphone 3GS Charlie Card dispensers

6.  Resistive  Surface Acoustic wave  Capacitive  Iphone  Surface Capacitance  Iphone  Projected Capacitance  Infrared  Strain gauge  Optical imaging  Dispersive signal technology  Acoustic pulse recognition

7.  Capacitive touch-screens use a layer of capacitive material to hold an electrical charge; touching the screen changes the amount of charge at a specific point of contact.capacitive

8.  Its touch-sensitive screen includes a layer of capacitive material, just like many other touch-screens. capacitive  However, the Iphone's capacitors are arranged according to a coordinate system.  Its circuitry can sense changes at each point along the grid.  This allows the phone to determine the location and movement of simultaneous touches in multiple locations

9.  The Iphone's screen detects touch through one of two methods:  Mutual capacitance or self capacitance. In mutual capacitance, the capacitive circuitry requires two distinct layers of material.  One houses driving lines, which carry current, and the other houses sensing lines, which detect the current at nodes.  Self capacitance uses one layer of individual electrodes connected with capacitance-sensing circuitry.

10.  The Iphone's processor and software are central to correctly interpreting input from the touch-screen. The capacitive material sends raw touch- location data to the Iphone's processor. The processor uses software located in the Iphone's memory to interpret the raw data as commands and gestures.softwareprocessor

13.  Silverman, Jacob. "What is the Apple iPhone?." 10 January 2007. HowStuffWorks.com. 30 November 2009.  Wilson, Tracy V. "How the iPhone Works." 20 June 2007. HowStuffWorks.com. 30 November 2009.