1. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 4: The Integumentary System

2. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Word Origin Skin “covers” the entire body Integumentum is Latin for “covering”

3. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Structure of the Skin Layers of the skin: –Epidermis- outermost layer –Dermis or corium- contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous and sudoriferous glands –Subcutaneous- layer beneath the skin [Word roots for skin: derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o]

4. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Cross Section of the Skin

5. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Accessory Structures Hair follicles- composed of keratin, a hard protein Sebaceous or oil gland- secrete sebum Sudoriferous or sweat gland- secrete watery fluid Nails- non-living structures made of the protein keratin [Word roots: kerat/o (hard), seb/o (sebum), sudor/i (sweat)]

6. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Skin Lesions

7. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Skin Disorders Inflammatory Conditions –Dermatitis- example: poison ivy has tiny pruritic (itchy) vesicles –Psoriasis- large erythematous plaques with silvery scales –Eczema- characterized by red, vesicular lesions Scleroderma- taut, thick, and leather-like skin

8. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Skin Infections Impetigo- caused by bacteria Scabies- caused by egg-laying mite Tinea- caused by fungus Shingles (herpes zoster)- caused by a virus

9. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Burns Superficial –Erythema, sunburn Partial thickness –Blisters, erythema Full thickness –Damage to the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layers, muscle and bone –May require skin grafts

10. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Skin Cancer Sun exposure is the biggest cause of skin cancer Melanoma is a common type of skin cancer

11. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Other Skin Disorders Decubitus ulcer Vitiligo Paronychia Alopecia

12. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Treatments Biopsy Cryotherapy Debridement

13. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Pharmacology Transdermal administration Topical and local administration

14. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Pharmacology cont’d. Topical drugs: –Antipruritic –Anti-inflammatory –Antifungal –Antiseptic –Antiviral –Scabicide

15. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Pharmacology cont’d. Other medications used to treat skin conditions –Acne medication –Burn medication –Sedatives