1. Cycle 1 : Fluid Mechanics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Mass and Momentum based Measurements…

2. Theoretical and Rigorous Work of French Daniel Bernoulli (1700– 1789): Hydrodynamique (Hydrodynamica), published in 1738 Bernoulli and Leonhard Euler. 1750:Euler offered a memoir containing analysis and equations for hydraulic turbines. 1754: An idealized theoretical application of Newton’s Law to centrifugal impellers. Known as Euler Equation. Did much to help the development of hydraulic machinery. 1767: Relation between Torque and Change in moment of momentum of the fluid as it passed through the machine.

3. Leonhard Euler Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) was arguably the greatest mathematician of the eighteenth century. One of the most prolific writer of all time; his publication list of 886 papers and books fill about 90 volumes. Remarkably, much of this output dates from the last two decades of his life, when he was totally blind. Euler's prolific output caused a tremendous problem of backlog: the St. Petersburg Academy continued publishing his work posthumously for more than 30 years.

4. Interaction of Particles with Solid Wall Maxwell is considered by many physicists to be the 19th-century scientist who had the greatest influence on 20th-century physics. His contributions to the science are considered by many to be of the same magnitude as those of Isaac Newton and Albert James Clerk Maxwell ( 1831 – 1879)

5. 5 Bernoulli to Prandtl 1904 Ideal to Real 1822 1860 1738

6. Viscous flows – A Huge Elephant Creeping Flows Turbulent Flows External Flows Internal Flows Free Shear Flows Wall Shear Flows

7. More Innovations due to More confusion List of Experiments Study of Creeping Flow. Study of developing flow through a pipe. Study of boundary layer growth on a smooth and rough flat plates. Measurement of drag on a cylinder and an aerofoil. Study of Mixing Layers.

8. Creeping flow Prof. George Gabriel Stokes, (1819 – 1903) worked most of his life describing fluid properties. His most significant accomplishment was the work describing the motion of a sphere in a viscous fluid. This work lead to the development of Stokes’ Law, a mathematical description of the force required to move a sphere through a quiescent, viscous fluid at specific velocity.

9. Applications

10. The Stokes Law F d = C µ Vd

11. Oseen’s Approximation Equivalent sphere for irregular solids for a cylinder is

12. Developing Flow Through Pipe

13. Boundary Layer Theory

14. Study of Mixing Layers

15. Measurement of Drag on Cylinder & Aerofoil