1. THE CRUSADES

2. Quiz 1. Currently in Parliament, name the two houses. 2. After Charlemagne’s death, what family would go on to rule France for the next 300 years? 3. Louis IX was an extremely religious man. 30 years after his death, he would be declared a __________. 4. Philip IV would establish the ____________ General which was made up of clergy, nobles, and townspeople. This would be a contributing factor to the French Revolution. 5. Louis IX persecuted heretics during his reign. What is a heretic?

3. The World in 1050  Spain to India  Huge Muslim civilizations Trade  India  Thriving cities (Buddhist and Hindus)  East Asia  Tang and Song dynasties (China)  Central America  Mayan civilizations

4. The World in 1050  Seljuk Turks invade the Byzantine Empire  Conquered most of Asia Minor  Extend power over the Holy Land  Jerusalem  No Christian pilgrim could travel to the Holy Land

5. Pope Urban II  Byzantine emperor, Alexius I sought help  Rivals?

6.  “From Jerusalem and the city of Constantinople comes a grievous report. An accursed race…has violently invaded the lands of those Christians and has depopulated them by pillage and fire.”

7. Reasons to Fight  Crusaders  Win wealth and land  Escape troubles at home  Adventure

8. Pope Urban II Motives  Increase Power  Heal the schism  1054 two branches of Christianity divided Disputes over beliefs and authority

9. Losing Battle?  First Crusade  Jerusalem captured in 1099  Victory capped by massacre of Muslim and Jewish residents  Captured lands divided into four small states Crusader states  Muslims repeatedly sought to destroy these

10. Quiz 1. The _________ Turks invaded the Byzantine Empire in 1050 AD. 2. What did this group of Muslim do that angered the Christians in the West? 3. Who was the Pope that ordered for the first Crusade to be carried out? 4. Who was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire that sought help from this pope? 5. What is a “crusader”?

11. Crusades  1187 – Jerusalem falls back into Muslim hands  Victor was Saladin  Eventually would reopen the holy city to Christian pilgrims

12. Synopsis  First Crusade  Christians take Jerusalem  Second Crusade  Jerusalem falls to Muslims  Third Crusade  Christians fail to take Jerusalem  Fourth Crusade  Muslims capture Crusader states Christians massacred